Baseline nongame wildlife surveys on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation

BASELINE NONGAME WILDLIFE SURVEYS
ON THE FORT PECK INDIAN RESERVATION

Prepared for:
Assiniboine and Sioux Tribes of the Fort Peck Indian Reservation
Office of Environmental Protection
P.O. Box 1027

Poplar, MT 59255

Tribal Government Resolution:

#26-571-2012-03

Prepared by:

Paul Hendricks, Susan Lenard, David Stagliano and Bryce A. Maxell

Montana Natural Heritage Program

A cooperative program of the Montana State Library and the University of Montana

March 2013

© 2013 Montana Natural Heritage Program

P.O. Box 201800, 1515 East Sixth Avenue, Helena, MT 59620-1800, 406-444-5354

This document should be cited as follows: Hendricks, P., S. Lenard, D. Stagliano, and B. A. Maxell.
2013. Baseline nongame wildlife surveys on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation. Report to the Assiniboine

and Sioux Tribes of the Fort Peck Indian Reservation. Montana Natural Heritage Program, Helena, MT.
83 pages.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

A variety of animal surveys were conducted during summer (May- September) 2012 as a baseline
assessment of nongame wildlife on tribal lands on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation in northeastern
Montana, the focus being all vertebrate groups (fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, small mammals) and
some aquatic invertebrate taxa (e.g. Mussels, Dragonflies) using relatively native habitats. Results of the
surveys are intended to help guide stewardship and management of tribal lands as needs arise, whether
they are in response to energy exploration and development, conflicts in land use practices, threats from
invasive or non-native species, or other land management concerns.

Of 72 total stream sites visited, fish were documented at 36 of 55 sites with water. Twelve of 17 fish
species detected were native, with highest occurrence rates by Fathead Minnow (60%) and Brook
Stickleback (58%); the non-native Northern Pike was present at 52% of sites. Fish species richness
averaged 3.1 (2.2 native species) across all sites, and reached its greatest value (eight species) at one site
on the Poplar River. Two Montana Species of Concern (SOC) fish, Northern Redbelly Dace and Iowa
Darter, were recorded at five and three sites, respectively. Pearl Dace, another SOC fish collected
previously from the Fort Peck Indian Reservation, was not detected at any of the historical sites. Fifteen
of 36 sites scored in the unimpaired range for biological integrity of fish communities, nine scored
moderately impaired and the remainder as slightly impaired. However, taxonomic completeness qualified
as unimpaired at only 25% of sites, indicating the majority of sites were adversely affected by introduced
fish species.

Overall, 180 unique macroinvertebrate taxa were reported from assessment surveys or incidentally at ~50
sites visited. Two SOC mayflies (Caenis youngi and Analetris eximia) and one SOC dragonfly (Stylurus
intricatus) were collected at two sites each. Five potential SOC Odonata species were collected across
the study area. Highest species richness among invertebrate groups was, in order of dominance: Diptera
(36 taxa), Odonata (31), Coleoptera (28), Mayflies and Mollusks each with 21 taxa. The most ubiquitous
damselflies were the Northern Bluet and Eastern Forktail reported at 28 and 25 sites, respectively. The
Physa snails (Physella acuta and P. gyrina) were the most abundant and widespread mollusk species,
detected at 30 sites with over 1100 individuals. Despite structured mussel searches at 25 sites and
surveying an additional 30 streams, we only documented the giant floater (Pyganodon grandis) at three
sites in Smoke Creek and the Poplar River.

Five amphibian and two reptile species were detected during surveys at 57 wetland sites, with Boreal
Chorus Frog and Northern Leopard Frog at 50.9% and 29.8% of sites, respectively. Plains Spadefoot,
currently a state SOC, was detected at one site. Amphibians were three times more likely to be detected
at sites where fish were not observed. Incidental observations of amphibians and reptiles during the
course of other surveys resulted in 52 observations of three amphibian and five reptile species, including
the state SOC Smooth Green Snake, and Common Gartersnake, the first verified in far northeastern
Montana north of the Missouri River.

One hundred and ten bird species were recorded on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation during the 2012
surveys, including 16 SOC species. Seventy species were detected on 23 road transects (10 point counts
each, 230 points total), and 22 species on 19 off-road points (no species differed from those detected on
road transects). Horned Lark was the most abundant and widespread bird species detected within 100 m
of count points (474 individuals on 79.1% of 249 points). Species detected within 100 m of points

included nine state SOC: Long-billed Curlew (2 points), Loggerhead Shrike (2 points), Sprague’s Pipit
(24 points), Chestnut-collared Longspur (119 points), McCown’s Longspur (36 points), Brewer’s
Sparrow (4 points), Baird’s Sparrow (57 points), Nelson’s Sparrow (1 point), and Bobolink (12 points).
Nests of two SOC species (Sprague’s Pipit, Chestnut-collared Longspur) were documented incidental to
other surveys. Sprague’s Pipit is also a Candidate Species for Federal Listing under the Endangered
Species Act. The suite of birds detected in 2012 includes most of those expected to breed regularly in
native grasslands in this region, including seven SOC. Fifteen wetland sites received unstructured
surveys, but resulted in detection of 52 species, many of which were encountered nowhere else during
bird surveys. Twelve woody sites were surveyed for cuckoos using recorded call playbacks; no cuckoos
were detected.

Fifty-seven captures of seven terrestrial small mammal species were made during 940 trap-nights of effort
at 46 sites, a trapping success of 6.06%. Deer Mouse accounted for 87.7% of all captures (at 30 sites).
One captured Pygmy Shrew represents only the third record for northeastern Montana (first record for
Valley County); this species probably merits addition to the SOC list due to its rarity across the state,
especially east of the Rocky Mountains. Incidental observations of terrestrial small mammals during the
course of other surveys resulted in 36 observations of 12 additional species, none of which are SOC.

Eight species of bats were detected during acoustic surveys for single nights at 32 sites, with presence of
five species (Big Brown Bat, Eastern Red Bat, Hoary Bat, Silver-haired Bat, Little Brown Myotis) based
on calls classified definitive and three additional species (Townsend’s Big-eared Bat, Western Small-
footed Myotis, Western Long-eared Myotis) on calls classified probable. Three of these species are state
SOC: Townsend’s Big-eared Bat (probable: 2 sites), Eastern Red Bat (definitive: 6 sites, probable: 5
sites), and Hoary Bat (definitive: 13 sites, probable: 3 sites). The most widespread species was Silver-
haired Bat, detected at 86.7% of 30 sites (definitive: 25 sites, probable: 1 site) where equipment did not
malfunction. Two long-term acoustic monitoring stations included calls classified definitive for eight bat
species, including the three based only on probable calls during the single night surveys, and also
included a ninth species, Long-legged Myotis, with calls classified probable.

Although the Fort Peck Indian Reservation is confronted with a variety of land use issues and challenges,
it continues to support a large variety of native species that should be considered in future management
activities. The deleterious effect of converting native grassland to cropland may be reflected in different
rates of point-count occupancy by some grassland bird species in different areas within the reservation
boundary, as well as between the reservation as a whole and adjacent areas in the region where larger
areas of intact native prairie remain. Responses by small terrestrial mammals and bats to land conversion
are less clear and deserve more attention, but riparian corridors and open water are important landscape
features for bats, some small mammal species, and various birds. Where they are present, non-native
predatory fish tend to be detrimental to native pond-dwelling amphibians and some native stream fish.
Future land stewardship and management decision-making for tribal lands will be better informed with
additional surveys of all categories of nongame animals and habitats, as many gaps remain in survey
coverage across the reservation.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Several persons made this project possible. In particular, Jeanne Spaur (tribal wildlife biologist)
promoted the survey idea with the tribal government and the Montana Natural Heritage Program
(MTNHP), walked the proposal through the bureaucratic process, arranged for permission to access tribal
lands, freely offered assistance with many aspects of the project, participated in some of the field work,
and provided refuge from the mid-summer heat on more than one occasion. Chris Mart conducted most
of the lentic amphibian and reptile surveys, Coburn Currier (MTNHP) aided with bird surveys and Phil
Sawatzski assisted with the fish and aquatic macroinvertebrate surveys. Mike Borgreen (Medicine Lake
NWR) provided field logistical support for the aquatics crew. Claudine Tobalske (MTNHP) created the
land cover maps that helped those of us in the field orient and find our way around tribal lands on the
reservation.

Table of Contents

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Lentic Amphibians and Reptiles ..cc2cctscstsccvcesecctiaghevssssdeedeelossssmansteesectaasasessiisesstbestassutiiscobiepbucessideetesones 12
Bird SUrVOySvazseisce ands ccctudos csc sdb ccbenis ie btacewedsneescavenscaveeis cglged ti eabeasorustenastetuens hecbteceseisustoraese@eiiesoee 14
Terrestrial Small Mammal Surveys ...........cccescesecesecsseesseeeseeeeseeeseeescecaaeceaecsaecaecsseesseeeseeeseeseaeeeaeeeaaeenaes 18
Bat: Detector ACOUSTIC: SUIVEYS sss iecésrs scxcsssiasdecscttoceuslasasssvissecsas.sebosasausseoeatssd¥isrsssersassalisiessetedseasscutecbaeters 21
Opportunistic and Pre-2012 Observations 200.0... eeeesseessecsseceseceseceseceseesseeseeeeeneeseeeeneesseeeaaecaaecaeseaeeeaeens 24
Some Conclusions and Suggestions ............csscccssccsscsssssccsssccssccssccssccescscsecssecsscessecssecsscessessssssssscesscessseses 25
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ADD CIGICES ii occ se csccecaveisaveccuceuscsstssc socoesseesvoeesiedvoce cess sabecucestsvdecso%cvdee cess cubase secs sedi susecoustebtsscuesvesseibeassesuess 29
Appendix 1: Heritage Rank Definitions... eee eeceseeeeeeeeeeeseeeseecsaeceaeceaecaecsseeeseeeseeseeeeeaeeeaeeeaaeenaes 30
Appendix 2: Checklist of Fish Species at Aquatic Survey Sites 0.00... ce sescssecsseceeeeeeeeeeeeesseeeeeeeeenaes 33
Appendix 3: Aquatic Sites Survey SUMMALY......... eee eeceseeeeeeeeeeeseecsaeceaecaecaeceseeeeeeseeeeeeeeaeeeaeeeaaeeaaes 36
Appendix 4: Macroinvertebrates Found During Aquatic Sites SurveyS ......... ccc ceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenaes 41
Appendix 5: Lentic Amphibian and Reptile Survey Results ...... ees eesceseceseceseceseeeseeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeenaes 47
Appendix 6: Checklist of Birds Observed on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation ............ceeeeseeseereeees 50
Appendix 7: Bird Road Transect Survey Results ......... ee eeceeseeseeeseeeseeceseceaecesecsseeeseeeseeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeaaeenaes 52
Appendix 8: Off-road Bird Point Count Results... ee eeceeseeseeeseecseeceaeceseceaeceseeeeesseeeeeeeeneeeneeenaeenaes 56
Appendix 9: Bird Nests Located Incidental to other Survey Work 00.0... ceceeseeeeceeeceeeeeeeeeeseeeneeeneeenaes 58
Appendix 10: Counts of Bird Species at Wetland Sites... ieee eseecsseceseceseceeeeseeeeeeseeeseneeeaeeeaaeenaes 60
Appendix 11: Terrestrial Small Mammal Trapping Results 00.0.0... cece eeeeceseceseceseeeseeeeeeeeeeeeneeeaeeeaeeenaes 63
Appendix 12: Bat Detector Acoustic Survey Results 00... ceceeseesseesseceseceseceseceseeeseeeseeeseeeeseeeaeeeaaeenaes 66
Appendix 13: Opportunistic Wildlife Observations during 2012 ...... eee eeseeseceeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeaeeenaes 69

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Appendix 14: Summary of Fish Observations from Fort Peck Indian Reservation pre-2012 ................ 75

Appendix 15: Records of Non-game Amphibians, Reptiles and Small Mammals Pre-2012 «0.0.0.0... 79
List of Tables
Table 1: Fish recorded during the 2012 Fort Peck Surveys 000.0... eeceesceeseeseeessecnsecesecesecnseceseceseeeseeeseeeees 7
Table 2: Total Number of Total Native Fish Species Detected by Site oo... ee eeeceseceseceseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 9
Table 3: Macroinvertebrate Species Detected during the 2012 Fort Peck Survey... eeeeeeeseeseereee 12
Table 4: Amphibian and Reptile Species Detected during the 2012 Fort Peck Survey... cece eee 12
Table 5: Bird Species Detected < 100 m of Count Points during the 2012 Fort Peck Survey................ 15
Table 6: Terrestrial Small Mammals Captured during the 2012 Fort Peck Survey... ee eeeeeeeeseereee 19
Table 7: Bats Detected during the 2012 Fort Peck Single-Night Acoustic Survey ..........eceeeeeseeseerees 22
Table 8: Monthly Bat Activity in 2012 at Two Long-term Acoustic Monitoring Stations........0....00 23
List of Figures
Figure 1: Sites for Aquatic Surveys in 2012 0... eecesceeeceseceseeeseeeeeeecseeeseecaaecsaecsaecaecsaeesseeseesseeenneeees 6
Figure 2: Percent of Native Fish at Various Sites during the 2012 Survey ....... cece ceeceseceseceseeeeeeeeeeeees 8
Figure 3: Location of Lentic Sites Surveyed for Amphibians and Aquatic Reptiles in 2012... 13
Figure 4: Location of Road Transects and Off-road Points for Bird Point Counts in 2012.00.00. 14
Figure 5: Distribution of Sprague’s Pipit Across the Fort Peck Reservation............:ccsccssesseecceseeeeeereeees 17
Figure 6: Location of Terrestrial Small Mammal Trap Lines on Fort Peck Reservation in 2012 .......... 19
Figure 7: Location of Bat Detector Surveys on Fort Peck Reservation in 2012 0.0... ee eeeeeseeseeereeeeeee 21
List of Photos
Photo 1: Typical Glaciated Prairie Stream Habitat ..0..... ee eee esceeseeneecsseceseceseceseceseeeseeeeeeeeneeeneeenaeenaes 10
Photo 2: Typical Glaciated Large Valley River Habitat ....... cece csecssecsseceeceeeeseeeseeeeeeseneeeneeenaeenaes 11
Photo 3: Small Mammal Trap line in Riparian Habitat; White-footed Mouse ........... ee eeeeeseeseeereeeeeee 20
Photo 4: Small Mammal Trap line in Shrubby Draw; Western Harvest Mouse ............. eeeceesseeseeereeeeeee 20
Photo 5:Bat Detector Site #19 and #23 0... lees ceeceseeseceseeeseeeeseeeseecsaecsaecsaecsaecsseeseeeseesseeseneeeaeeesaeenaes 22
Photo 6: Bat Detector Site #18 and #6 00... eee ceeceseceseeeeeeeeneeeseeeseecsaecsaecsaecsaecseesseeeseeseeeseneeeneeenaeenaes 23
Photo 7: Smooth Green Snake; Common Gartersnake ..............ccccccccesssscesececeeeeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeseaeaeaeeeeeaeeeees 24

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INTRODUCTION

Extreme northeastern Montana has received relatively little inventory for its non-game vertebrate
occupants, with the notable exception of Medicine Lake National Wildlife Refuge in Sheridan
County and the Waterfowl Production Areas associated with the refuge. Much of what is known
about non-game wildlife in the region has been focused on birds, but now includes increased
attention on amphibians, reptiles, and small mammals (e.g., Hossack et al. 2003, Perry et al.
2004, Carson et al. 2006, Dorak et al. 2012). Despite additional agency and NGO focus on
northeastern Montana, gaps in documented distributions remain fairly numerous. Non-game
vertebrate wildlife of the Fort Peck Indian Reservation continues to be under-surveyed, despite
long-term and increasing impacts from agriculture and mineral exploration. Thus, there is an
immediate need to gather baseline data from the reservation on a broad spectrum of non-game
vertebrates. These data will help the Tribal Executive Board and Fort Peck General Council to better
understand, protect, and preserve their wildlife resources in their on-going efforts to make informed
management decisions as demands for land and mineral resources escalate.

The Montana Natural Heritage Program’s (MTNHP) 2012 baseline non-game wildlife inventory
focused on all vertebrate taxa (fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, terrestrial small mammals, and
bats), and included environmental assessment of streams and rivers, including collection of
distributional data for sensitive invertebrates (focal groups: Odonata, Crayfish, Mussels,
Mayflies) prior to new exploratory drilling for oil and gas reserves and before any anticipated
impacts to the environment from these activities. Focus was on native landscapes under tribal
jurisdiction, with emphasis on uplands for most non-aquatic taxa.

STUDY AREA

The Fort Peck Indian Reservation, shaped roughly like a trapezoid, is about 110 mi (180 km) E-W by 40
miles (64 km) S-N, encompassing about 3,289 square miles (8,519 km’) between 104°30' to 106°'W and
48°00' to 48°38'N in far northeastern Montana. The Reservation lies entirely within the Northwestern
Glaciated Plains Ecoregion and includes the Glaciated Dark Brown Prairie in the east and Glaciated
Northern Grasslands in the west (Woods et al. 2002). The reservation is bounded by Big Muddy Creek
on the east, the Missouri River on the south, the lower Milk River and Porcupine Creek on the west, and
48°38' N latitude on the north. Much of the reservation lies in Roosevelt and Valley counties with smaller
portions in Daniels and Sheridan counties. Elevations across the Fort Peck Indian Reservation range from
1950 ft (594 m) in the east on the Missouri River in Roosevelt County to 3065 ft (934 m) in the west in
Valley County.

Private inholdings are numerous throughout the reservation. Both private and tribal lands are used for
dryland agricultural crops, more prevalent in the eastern half of the reservation but widespread across
reservation uplands. Much of the reservation’s human population of about 11,000 is concentrated in
lower areas along the Missouri River bottom. There are older established oil fields (e.g. East Poplar Oil
Field), and the reservation is within the area experiencing dramatically increased oil exploration and
development associated with the oil-rich Bakken formation of northeastern Montana and northwestern
North Dakota.

METHODS

Survey Sites

Fish and aquatic macroinvertebrates

We chose streams to visit stratified by east and west watersheds of the reservation and also by
previous reports of MT SOC fish presence (MFISH database). We additionally based stream
visits on biointegrity rankings from a previous report on streams of the Fort Peck Reservation
(Blue Stem Consulting 1994). The second visit to the watersheds on the western side of the
reservation was abbreviated due to a significant rainstorm on 25 June (>2”) that caused flooding,
unsafe sampling and deteriorated road conditions.

Amphibians and aquatic reptiles

All safely accessible standing water bodies (lentic sites) present within each watershed on 1:24k
scale topographic maps or found incidentally while in the field were surveyed if they were on
tribal lands or on private lands with permission to survey the sites. Where no standing water
bodies were found on topographic maps, accessible lands were examined for areas of low
topographic relief or backwaters of streams that might provide lentic breeding habitat. Where
there were too many lentic sites to survey within the 3 days allocated to each watershed, those
likely to have more suitable habitat were prioritized for survey over springs and wells.

Birds

Two types of point-count sampling were conducted: (1) road-transects, and (2) single off-road
points. Road transects consisted of 10 points per transect, each point being 0.5 miles apart
(transect length = 4.5 miles). We attempted to run one road transect in each full or partial
Quarter-quarter Latilong block, but weather and logistics prevented completion of full coverage
across the reservation. Start points of road transects were associated with pre-selected random
off-road points, but actual start locations tended to be opportunistic and located where a full
transect could be run in each sample block. They were also situated to avoid heavy vehicle
traffic as much as possible, and all were on unpaved secondary or tertiary roads. Random single
predetermined off-road points for survey were located in native habitat in each Quarter-quarter
Latilong block, based on ownership and land cover GIS layers. Points for off-road sampling
were located on tribal parcels with no less than a quarter section of native cover and buffered by
200 m of native habitat. As with the road transects, we were not able to conduct off-road point
counts in all sample blocks, due to weather and logistic constraints.

Surveys for cuckoos (both Black-billed and Yellow-billed) were conducted following standard
play-back protocols, and targeted on major drainages with extensive shrub and tree cover.
Waterbird surveys were opportunistic and unstructured (no time duration and no standard
methodology). Sites were found while in transit across the reservation or identified from maps
and then visited.

Terrestrial small mammals and bats

Because prior surveys were lacking from most areas of the reservation, we trapped for terrestrial
small mammals at as many locations as time and logistics permitted. Sampling was focused on
native habitats on tribal lands (agricultural and developed landscapes were avoided). Within
native habitats, sites chosen for sampling were identified largely on extent of native habitat

2

(identified from land cover maps), physical access to the site (often requiring significant amounts
of time assessing several potential sites), and the geographic spread across the reservation.
Within non-random targeted areas, trap lines were clustered because of the travel and time
logistics required to set and retrieve trap lines. We also tried to sample from a diversity of native
cover types within and between survey areas (e.g., grasslands, shrubby draws, sagebrush,
badlands, buffaloberry patches, and riparian woodlands).

Effort was made to sample for bats from all major watersheds across the reservation, but it was
necessary to limit sampling to fewer concentrated areas due to travel logistics and weather. Sites
were chosen based on the presence of water, trees, or bridges, or a combination of these features.
Bats in prairie landscapes are often associated with these features because they also attract insect
prey and/or provide bats with roosting habitat. As with small mammal trapping, identification of
sites for sampling often required significant amounts of time assessing several potential sites.

Survey Methods

Aquatic Macroinvertebrate Communities & Adult Odonata Collections

Macroinvertebrate communities were sampled qualitatively from ten equally-spaced transects
within the 300m assessment reach using the EMAP Reach-Wide protocol (Lazorchak et al. 1998).
Sampling started at the downstream transect (A in the EMAP or #10 for the BLM protocol), and
proceeded upstream alternating sampling with the 500-micron D-frame net to the left, right or
center of the stream channel, so a random sampling of all habitats is achieved. Ten multi-habitat
kicks were composited from the net into a 20 liter bucket. All organisms and organic matter in the
bucket were elutriated from the inorganic portion and washed onto a 500-micron sieve. The
organic portion on the sieve was transferred to one or two 1 liter Nalgene bottles (unless field sub-
sampling was needed), labeled and preserved in 95% ethanol and brought to the MTNHP lab in
Helena for processing (sorting, identification and data analysis) following protocols outlined by the
BLM and MTDEQ (MTDEQ 2006).

Dragonfly and Damselfly adults were documented and collected from sites with aerial sweep nets
in a Visual Encounter Survey (VES) fashion while walking the assessment reach. Species were
determined using Paulson (2011). Vouchers and photographs of specimens were archived.

Mussel Surveys

Freshwater mussels were surveyed longitudinally along a series of 50m stream lengths with
aquascopes (glass-bottom buckets) using a catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) or catch per linear
distance (CPUD) approach, because the emphasis of our study is to determine presence/absence
and a relative abundance (Young et al. 2001). Time searched by the surveyors is expressed as
number of mussels per person-hour and per measured stream distance (mussels per 50 stream
meters). We devoted approximately one man-hour of search per site and an effort was made to
sample multiple geomorphic units (riffle, glide and pool sequences) and all available habitats
therein.

Fish Surveys

Fish sampling within a 300m stream assessment reach followed prairie fish seining protocols
(Bramblett 2005) and were conducted with 6 and 9 meter straight seines in 25-30m increments
seining in a downstream direction toward the block seine. Fish captured in a blocked section were
transferred to holding buckets until the reach is completed, unless the reach is broken up by riffles,

3

impassable or dry sections; in this case, fish were processed and released within the section of
capture. Fish held in the buckets were identified to species, enumerated, examined for external
anomalies (e.g. deformities, eroded fins, lesions, and tumors), and then released. At least 10% of a
species’ individuals were measured for total length in millimeters (TL mm) to obtain size structure
data. Young-of-the-year fish less than 20 mm (TL) were noted on the field sheet (not included in
the totals) and released. Analysis of the sampled fish communities used Integrated Biotic Indices
(IBI) designed for wadeable prairie streams (Bramblett et. al 2005) and derived Observed/Expected
(O/E) Fish Models (Stagliano 2011) to detect impairment in the biological integrity of the sites.
The expected number of native fish species for a D006 classified reference stream is 2.5-3.75,
while the expected number of fish for a C006 stream is 5.5-8.5 depending on watershed area;
dividing the observed number of native fish species at a site by the expected number (O/E) derives
a percentage compared to reference condition (>0.8 or 80% = unimpaired). Voucher specimens
were only taken in the case of uncertain field identifications, and were preserved in 10% buffered
formalin after relaxation with MS-222. These will be deposited with the Montana State University
Collections. Adult amphibians or reptiles seen while seining or walking the designated stream
reach were counted and recorded even if they were not captured in the seine.

Amphibians and Aquatic Reptiles Lentic Surveys

We used timed visual encounter and dip net surveys in all portions of water bodies that were less
than 50 cm in depth. If little emergent vegetation was present then we carefully examined these
shallow water environments for the presence of eggs, larvae, or post metamorphic animals.
Areas with dense emergent vegetation were intensely sampled with a dip net. At sites where
water depths dropped off steeply from the shoreline, visual searches and dip netting were
performed from shoreline. Areas with extensive shallows were systematically searched and dip
netted while wading through the area on evenly spaced transects. Vouchers were collected only
if they filled new county records or required additional examination not possible in the field for
proper determination.

Bird Point-count Surveys

Point counts for birds followed general standard methodology (Hutto et al 1986, Hendricks et al.
2008) applied elsewhere in northeastern Montana. All point counts were ten minutes in duration
and conducted within approximately five hours following sunrise (and generally not earlier than
05:30). During each point count, birds observed during time intervals of 0-3 minutes, 3-5
minutes, and 5-10 minutes were recorded separately, while attempting not to count individuals
more than once. All birds detected visually and/or aurally within a visually-estimated 100 meter
radius circle (aided with an optical rangefinder) surrounding the center point were included in the
tally. Each individual species was documented with the appropriate 4-letter AOU code,
abundance noted, and identified as within the 100-meter circle or outside of the circle. Birds that
flew over the circle but did not land during the count were recorded as flyovers. Counts were not
conducted during continuous rain or winds generally exceeding about 12 mph (20 km/hr). A
basic assessment of macro-vegetation cover was recorded at each point location following
general protocols developed by the Rocky Mountain Bird Observatory.

Waterbirds and Cuckoos

Waterbird surveys were usually conducted when weather interfered with other bird survey work.
Each survey site location was recorded with a GPS and a total count made for each bird species
detected at the site, whether or not it was a species restricted to wetlands or water bodies.

Each site survey for cuckoos lasted 10 minutes. At each location, 3 minutes of passive listening
was followed by 5 minutes of call playbacks for each species, and ended with two minutes of
passive listening. During the call playback phase, broadcasts of calls occurred at the start of each
minute followed by passive listening until time to broadcast calls once again, with the playback
process repeated for five cycles.

Terrestrial Small Mammal Trap Line Surveys

Trap lines were oriented in cover type patches so that trap stations were relatively consistent in
gross habitat structure. However, individual stations or traps were situation at or near micro-
features thought to be used by small mammals (e.g. under shrubs or next to downed wood if
present). Each line consisted of 10 stations at 10 paces apart (roughly 90 to 100 m long), often
not in a straight line. Each station consisted of a Museum Special snap trap and a Sherman live
trap. Snap traps were baited with peanut butter, Sherman traps with bird seed mix and rolled
oats to keep the trigger devices clean. Sherman live traps also contained a piece of polyester
fiber batting to prevent overnight mortality of captured animals from exposure. Traps at
individual stations were placed at least 1 m apart. Trap lines were set in the evening and
retrieved as soon as possible the next morning to reduce stress to live animals. Each line, with
one exception, was run for a single night. All captured animals were identified, sexed, and
weighed in the field; some live individuals were photographed to verify identifications. Animals
killed in snap traps were placed in freezer bags and returned from the field for verification of
field identifications (shrews, voles), and then deposit with the Philip L. Wright Vertebrate
Museum at the University of Montana for preparation as skulls and study skins.

Bat Acoustic Surveys

Bat acoustic calls were recorded using Pettersson D240X detectors, with captured recordings
stored on I-River MP3 recorders with up to 1 GB of capacity. Nightly deployment of each
detector/recorder was considered an independent survey. Up to three detectors were set each
night at different locations while conducting terrestrial small mammal trapping surveys.
Detectors were retrieved each morning as soon as possible, and recordings downloaded in the
field to a laptop computer. After call files were downloaded they were converted to .wav format
and stored in folders labeled for each survey site and date. Two Wildlife Acoustics SM2
detectors with 32 GB of storage capacity were placed for multi-year monitoring in major riparian
corridors. Calls were downloaded monthly and later analyzed. Call analysis for bats was
conducted back at the office using Sonobat 3.0 software (Sonobat, Arcata, CA). Species
determinations were made using the bat acoustic key developed for Montana by Szewczak and
Weller (2006).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Fish Communities:

We visited 72 sites of six stream classifications during the course of two field trips; 55 sites had
water present, 36 of these sites contained fish (Figure 1). We documented 17 fish species during
our surveys, five of these were non-native (Table 1, Appendix 2). The highest species richness site
was one of the Poplar River sites (LM_FP713), where 8 fish species were reported (5 native
species). Fathead minnows and Brook Sticklebacks had the highest site occurrence rate of 60 and
58% respectively, while the non-native northern pike was collected at 52% of total fish sites (Table

Figure 1. Sites for aquatic surveys in 2012, showing those that were dry when visited. Site numbers correspond to
those listed in Table 2 and Appendix 3.

SITE CONDITIONS
@ Wet
e Dy
[_] County
fee Lake
Stream

1). Across all stream classes and reaches, total fish species per site averaged 3.1 with 2.2 native
species; if we exclude stream reaches dominated by northern pike, average native species richness
goes up to 3.5 (Table 2). Northern Pike are a non-native predatory fish in Fort Peck watersheds
documented to decimate native prairie minnow assemblages (Moyle and Leidy 1992, Stagliano
2008). Fort Peck streams with Northern Pike present (Smoke, Tule, lower Police, Poplar and their
tributaries) reported significantly fewer fish species present and lower numbers of other individuals
definitions) at any of the previously collected locations from the 1950’s (Appendix 2); this is likely

6

when present. We did not collect Pearl Dace (S2 MT SOC; see Appendix 1 for state rank due to
the introduction of northern pike within these watersheds (MT FWP stocking records circa 1970).
We did document the MT SOC species, Northern Redbelly Dace (NORD)(5 sites) and Iowa Darter
(3 sites) co-occurring at two sites, Wolf and East Fork Porcupine Creeks, while the NORD was
found additionally at Little Wolf Creek; all NORD sites had no pike present (Photo 1). The Iowa
Darter was also reported from Smoke Creek which did contain pike.

We documented six unique stream classification types in the study area: Large Glaciated Plains
Valley River System (A001) (the Missouri River), Medium Prairie Rivers (BO06) (Poplar and Big
Muddy), Perennial Glaciated Prairie Streams (C006: Smoke, Wolf, Tule, etc.), and numerous
stream reaches classified as Northwestern Glaciated Plains Intermittent Stream systems (D006:
Otter, Little Wolf or E006: Alkali, Irish Coulees) and the Great Plains Perennial Spring (S005)
(Appendix 3, Stagliano 2005, http://fieldguide.mt.gov/displayES.aspx?id=9). Proper stream
classification is important when determining biological integrity (Hawkins and Norris 2000) and
expected species richness. The Intermittent Prairie Stream (E006) in Montana is naturally fishless
80% of the time; therefore, absence of fish, in itself, should not be viewed as a biological
impairment (e.g. Chelsea Creek). We also visited three wetlands that would be classified as
Western Emergent Marsh systems (WEEMMA).

Table 1. Fish recorded during the 2012 Fort Peck Surveys. Frequency of Occurrence (FO) was calculated from the
# of site visits detected / # of visits capable for detection (n=36). Proportion of individuals out of total individuals
captured. * = Introduced Species

# Sites ro ies
Fish Species Detected O total

(%) ind.
Fathead Minnow 22 60 33.4
Brook Stickleback 21 58 55.0
Northern Pike* 19 52 1.1
White Sucker 14 38 5.2
Brassy Minnow 8 22 0.9
Northern Redbelly Dace 5 14 1.4
Black Bullhead* 4 11 0.2
Common Carp* 4 11 0.0
Iowa Darter 3 8 0.3
Lake Chub 2 5 1.4
Longnose Dace 2 5 0.0
Emerald Shiner* 2 5 0.1
Spottail Shiner* 2 5 0.6
Stonecat 2 5 0.0
Flathead Chub 1 3 0.1
Goldeye 1 3 0.0
Sand Shiner 1 3 0.2

Figure 2. Percent of native fish at various sites during the 2012 surveys. Site numbers correspond to those listed in
Table 2 and Appendix 3.

FORT PECK RESERVATION FISH PRESENCE 2012 - PERCENT NATIVE INDEX

"LEGEND
Percent Native Fish
2 0.0%
© 01% - 33.3%
© 33.3% - 50.0%
© 50.0% - 83.3%
© 83.3% - 100%
= County
DE Lake

In terms of biological integrity measured by the fish IBI, 15 of 36 sites scored in the unimpaired
range (>55, i.e. good health), while 9 sites scored moderately impaired and the remainder were
slightly impaired (Table 2). But, when measured in taxonomic completeness by the O/E, only 9
sites (25%) had scores greater than the 0.8 unimpaired threshold score, indicating that a majority
of sites were adversely affected by introduced fish species or missing expected native species.
Fifteen sites had 100% native species present, while seven sites had no native fish present and 22
sites had their fish communities comprised of >90% native fish individuals even when there were
non-native fish present (Table 2, Figure 2). Although a stream survey may observe an all native
fish species community, this does not necessarily mean that the site has a complete fish
assemblage. The predicted reference condition fish community for the Northwestern Glaciated
Plains Intermittent Stream (D006) includes the pearl dace (none were detected) and the lake chub
(reported from only 2 sites). Thus, many Fort Peck streams within this classification are missing
species commonly collected from nearby reference streams.

Table 2. Total number and total native fish species detected by site. Percent native individuals collected per site,
IBI and O/E scores for the 36 sites. Underlined values are fish communities that ranked biologically unimpaired.

%

‘ Total Nativ : % Nativ IBI
Sittsode oieam ae sacice po rap eine Score OE
LM_FP671 | Wolf Creek #1 5 5 100.0 100.0 55.9 0.91
LM_FP678 | Wolf Creek #2 4 4 100.0 100.0 60.8 1.07
LM_FP680 | Wolf Creek #3 4 4 100.0 100.0 61.6 1.07
LM_FP682 | Wolf Creek #4 5 5 100.0 100.0 53.7 0.91
LM_FP690 | Otter Creek 3 3 100.0 100.0 52.7 0.55
LM_FP691 | Otter Creek 5 4 80.0 96.7 57.7 0.73
LM_FP693 | Otter Creek 3 1 33.3 80.0 62.8 0.27
LM_FP676 | Hay Creek 2 1 50.0 93.6 68.8 0.67
LM_FP673 | Smoke Creek #1 3 2 66.7 74.1 47.5 0.36
LM_FP677 | Smoke Creek #2 1 0 0.0 0.0 43.5 0.00
LM_FP710 | Smoke Creek #3 3 2 66.7 91.1 62.0 0.36
LM_FP695 | Alkali Coulee 2 2 100.0 100.0 67.2 0.53
LM_FP728 | Lake Creek 2 2 100.0 100.0 65.8 0.53
LM_FP698 | Irish Coulee 2 2 100.0 100.0 68.9 1.33
LM_FP700 | Irish Coulee 2 2 100.0 100.0 69.4 1.33
LM_FP708 | Sauerkraut Coulee 2 2 100.0 100.0 69.7 1.33
LM_FP720 | Give Out Morgan Creek 2 1 50.0 25.0 60.9 0.67
LM_FP730 | Tule Creek #1 2 0 0.0 0.0 49.5 0.00
LM_FP731 | Tule Creek #2 2 0 0.0 0.0 42.5 0.00
LM_FP735 | Tule Creek (trib) 1 0 0.0 0.0 50.5 0.00
LM_FP738 | Tule Creek #3 1 0 0.0 0.0 50.5 0.00
LM_FP743 | Little Wolf Creek #2 6 5 83.3 97.0 53.0 0.91
LM_FP744 | Little Wolf Creek #3 6 5 83.3 97.0 53.0 0.91
LM_FP745 | Little Wolf Creek #1 3 0 0.0 0.0 43.3 0.00
LM_FP746 | Little Wolf Creek #4 4 4 100.0 100.0 50.4 0.73
LM_FP748 | Police Creek #1 1 0 0.0 0.0 42.6 0.00
LM_FP751 | Police Creek #2 2 2 100.0 100.0 51.7 0.36
LM_FP752 | West Fork Poplar #1 2 1 50.0 99.0 57.5 0.18
LM_FP753 | Hell Coulee 2 1 50.0 25.0 53.5 0.18
LM_FP754 | Snow Coulee 3 2 66.7 66.7 50.4 0.53
LM_FP756 | E. Fork Porcupine Creek 4 4 100.0 100.0 52.1 0.73
LM_FP757 | E. Fork Little Porcupine Creek 3 3 100.0 100.0 37.7 0.55
LM_FP713 |) Poplar River 8 5 62.5 74.1 53.4 0.78
LM_FP726 | Big Muddy Creek 7 3 42.9 92.5 24.4 0.55
LM_FP718 | Poplar River (Oxbow tributary) 1 1 100.0 100.0 42.8 0.18
LM_FP722 | Poplar River (unnamed trib.) 3 2 66.7 94.1 42.1 0.31

Photo 1. Typical Glaciated Prairie Stream (D006: Wolf Creek, LM_FP680) habitat containing Northern Redbelly
Dace, Brassy Minnow, Brook Stickleback, Fathead Minnow, Lake Chub and Iowa Darter. Macroinvertebrates include
ten dragonfly/damselfly species, ten aquatic mollusk taxa, nine beetle species and three mayflies, Caenis latipennis,
Caenis youngi (SOC G482) and Callibaetis fluctuans.

Aquatic Macroinvertebrates

Overall, 180 unique macroinvertebrate taxa were reported from assessment samples, Odonate adult
surveys or collected incidentally at ~50 sites visited in 2012 (Appendix 2 and 4). Two species of
concern (SOC) mayflies (Caenis youngi and Analetris eximia) and one dragonfly (Stylurus
intricatus) were collected at two sites each (Photo 2, Table 3).

Five potential SOC Odonata species were collected across the study area. The highest species
richness among invertebrate groups, in order of dominance, was: Diptera (36 taxa), Odonata (31),
Coleoptera (28), Mollusks (24) and 22 species of Mayflies reported (Table 3). The most
ubiquitous damselflies were the Northern Bluet and Eastern Forktail reported at 28 and 25 sites,
respectively. The 12-Spotted Skimmer and Cherry-Faced Meadowhawk dragonflies were the most
widespread across the region occurring at 19 and 14 sites, respectively (Appendix 4). We reported
numerous sites with ten or 11 species of dragonfly and damselfly adults flying during our early

10

Photo 2. Typical Glaciated Large Valley River (A001: Missouri River, LM_FP703) habitat containing 12 large river
fish species and ~20 macroinvertebrates including the only two species of stoneflies collected during this project, the
Species of Concern dragonfly, Stylurus intricatus (G4S1) and sand-dwelling mayfly species, Analetris eximia (G3S3)

summer visit; this count could potentially increase to twice that number of species at a site as
successions of additional species emerge seasonally into the fall.

The Physa snails (Physella acuta and P. gyrina) were the most abundant and widespread mollusk
species detected at 30 sites with over 1100 individuals. The only two stonefly species reported
during this survey were collected at the mainstem Missouri River sites. Despite structured mussel
searches at 25 sites and surveying an additional 30 streams, we only documented the giant floater
mussel, (Pyganodon grandis) at three sites in Smoke Creek (C006) and the Poplar River (B006).
Stream type D006 is typically giant floater mussel habitat because of their host-fish relationship
with the brook stickleback, but we did not document evidence of individuals at sites within this
stream classification. The native, but invasive, crayfish, Orconectes virilis was collected at nine
sites and often in high densities (Appendix 4); this species is infamous for dominating suitable
stream habitats and out-competing other species. They likely pushed out another native crayfish,
Orconectes immunis, which we did not document on Fort Peck lands, but has been previously
reported across eastern Montana.

11

Average macroinvertebrate taxa richness per site when full EMAP assessment samples were taken
(n=12) was 35 taxa (Appendix x). The Wolf Creek site #3 (LM_FP680) with 51 macroinvertebrate
taxa reported was the most diverse stream documented, followed by the Poplar River (site
LM_FP713) with 46 macroinvertebrate taxa including 15 mayflies, 7 odonata and 6 caddisfly
species (Appendix 4).

Table 3. Macroinvertebrate species (by Order/Class) documented during the 2012 Fort Peck Surveys. Numbers of
Montana Species of Concern (SOC) or Potential SOC taxa reported.

Invertebrate Order or Class eae : i ibe
Diptera (True Flies) 36 0 0
Odonata (Dragonflies/Damselflies) 31 1 5
Coleoptera (Aquatic Beetles) 28 ? ?
Mollusca (Snails/Clams/Mussels) 24 0 0
Ephemeroptera (Mayflies) 22 2 0
Trichoptera (Caddisflies) 14 0 0
Clitellata (Leeches/Worms) 7 0 0
Acarina (Water Mites) 6 0 0
Hemiptera (True Bugs) 6 0 0
Crustaceans (Amphipoda/Crayfish) 4 0 0
Plecoptera (Stoneflies) 2 0 0
Total 180 3 5

Lentic Amphibians and Reptiles

Fifty-seven wetland sites were surveyed for the presence of amphibians and aquatic reptiles during 7 June
to 5 July (Figure 3). Five amphibian species and two reptile species were detected at 77.2% of the sites,
no amphibians or reptiles were detected at 22.8% of the sites (Table 4). Boreal Chorus Frog and Northern
Leopard Frog were the most abundant and widespread species, each found at more than one quarter to one
half of sites; only one additional species, Woodhouse’s Toad, was detected at as much as 10% of sites.

Table 4. Summary of amphibian and reptile species detected on Fort Peck Indian Reservation during 57
standardized site surveys, 7 June to 5 July 2012. Bolded species are Montana Animal Species of Concern. Survey
details are given in Appendix 5.

Species No. sites % sites
Barred Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma mavortium) 5 8.8
Plains Spadefoot (Spea bombifrons) 1 1.8
Woodhouse’s Toad (Anaxyrus woodhousii) 6 10.5
Boreal Chorus Frog (Pseudacris maculata) 29 50.9
Northern Leopard Frog (Lithobates pipiens) 17 29.8
Painted Turtle (Chrysemys picta) 3 5.3
Plains Gartersnake (Thamnophis radix) 4 7.0
No Amphibians or Reptiles Detected 13 22.8

12

Figure 3. Lentic sites surveyed for amphibians and aquatic reptiles in 2012. Site numbers correspond to those in
Appendix 5.

@ y |

/ =) McCone |

yo Sean.
: ~ ~
Om oe 40
nae

Breeding (presence of aquatic larval stages) was documented at 100% of the sites where Barred Tiger
Salamander was found, 83.3% of sites with Woodhouse’s Toad, 82.8% of the sites with Boreal Chorus
Frog, and 29.4% of sites with Northern Leopard Frog (Appendix 5). One state SOC, Plains Spadefoot,
was noted at a single site in Valley County (Site #54: Figure 3, Appendix 5), where breeding was also
documented. All of these species are expected to occur in this region of the state (Maxell et al. 2003,
Werner et al. 2004)

Of the 42 sites where amphibians were found (73.7% of all sites surveyed), fish were present at 10 of
these (23.8%) and not detected at 32 (76.2%) (One-sample proportion test, Zcorrected = 3.24, P = 0.0012).
The species of fish present often could not be identified, but Northern Pike was noted at six of the sites
where Boreal Chorus Frog and Northern Leopard Frog were detected and at one site where no amphibians
were found. Of the six sites with both pike and amphibians, larval frogs were absent at three of them.
Predatory fish are known to suppress lentic-breeding amphibian populations (e.g., Pearson and Goater
2008).

Two reptile species were detected during the surveys, Painted Turtle and Plains Gartersnake, each at less
than 10% of sites (Table 4, Appendix 5). Neither is a state SOC.

13

Bird Surveys

One hundred and ten bird species were identified within the reservation boundary during the various
surveys of 2012 (Appendix 6). This list included 16 MT SOC birds of which ten (Ferruginous Hawk,
Golden Eagle, Long-billed Curlew, Loggerhead Shrike, Sprague’s Pipit, Chestnut-collared Longspur,
McCown’s Longspur, Brewer’s Sparrow, Baird’s Sparrow, Bobolink) could be considered upland
species, the other six classified as waterbirds or wetland/riparian-related species (Horned Grebe,
American White Pelican, Black-crowned Night-Heron, Franklin’s Gull, Red-headed Woodpecker,
Nelson’s Sparrow). All 16 all are S3 or S3B except the S2B Chestnut-collared Longspur.

Figure 4. Locations of point count road transects and single off-road points for bird point-count surveys. Numbers
correspond to road transect and off-road point numbers in Appendices 7 and 8, respectively.

FORT PECK RESERVATION POINT COUNT BIRD SURVEYS 2012

Sheridan.

@ Off Road Points

= Road Survey Points _
\... [J County
, GR Lake

Point counts were largely conducted in upland regions across the reservation between 25 May and 2 June.
We counted 70 species within 100 m of our 249 count points (Table 5, Appendices 7 and 8). Three non-
SOC bird species occurred on the greatest proportion of points: Horned Lark on 79.1% of points, Western
Meadowlark on 57.4%, and Brown-headed Cowbird on 50.6%. Chestnut-collared Longspur, the fourth
commonest and a SOC, was reported on 47.8% of points. Two additional SOC birds (Baird’s Sparrow,
McCown’s Longspur) were detected on more than 10% of all points, and Sprague’s Pipit (a Candidate for
Federal Listing) on 9.6% of points. In summary, eight of ten upland SOC birds observed during the 2012

14

field season were detected during formal point count surveys across the reservation, on both road
transects and off-road points (Figure 4, Table 5, Appendices 7 and 8).

Table 5. Bird species detected within 100 m of count points on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation during May-June
2012, ranked by frequency of occurrence on points. Sampling effort included a total of 249 points from 23 ten-point
road transects and 19 individual off-road points. Bolded species are Montana Species of Concern.

Species Total Points % Total Total % Total
Points Individuals Individuals
Horned Lark 197 79.1 474 16.7
Western Meadowlark 143 57.4 182 6.4
Brown-headed Cowbird 126 50.6 274 9.6
Chestnut-collared Longspur 119 47.8 358 12.6
Grasshopper Sparrow 82 32.9 102 3.6
Vesper Sparrow 82 32.9 94 3.3
Savannah Sparrow 71 28.5 106 3.7
Lark Bunting 65 26.1 185 6.5
Baird’s Sparrow 57 22.9 78 2h
Barn Swallow 46 18.5 81 2.8
Brewer’s Blackbird 37 14.9 80 2.8
McCown’s Longspur 36 14.5 53 1.9
Red-winged Blackbird 33 13.3 93 3.3
Clay-colored Sparrow 32 12.9 37 1.3
Mourning Dove 29 11.6 41 1.4
Eastern Kingbird 28 11.2 33 1.2
Sprague’s Pipit 24 9.6 25 <1
Mallard 19 7.6 32 1.1
Killdeer 12 4.8 14 <1
Brown Thrasher 12 4.8 15 <1
Bobolink 12 4.8 20 <1
Common Grackle 12 4.8 29 1.0
Ring-necked Pheasant 11 4.4 13 <1
Northern Harrier 11 4.4 12 <1
Western Kingbird 11 4.4 14 <1
American Robin 10 4.0 12 <1
Franklin’s Gull 9 3.6 32 1.1
California Gull 9 3.6 131 4.6
Yellow Warbler 9 3.6 10 <1
Wilson’s Phalarope 8 3.2 13 <1
American Goldfinch 8 3.2 13 <1
Wilson’s Snipe 7 2.8 13 <1
Marbled Godwit 7 2.8 11 <1
Say’s Phoebe 6 2.4 6 <1
Blue-winged Teal 5 2.0 8 <1
Northern Pintail 5 2.0 10 <1
Sora 5 2.0 6 <1
Upland Sandpiper 5 2.0 5 <1
Cliff Swallow 5 2.0 37 1.3

15

Species Total Points % Total Total % Total
Points Individuals Individuals
House Sparrow 5 2.0 8 <1
Brewer’s Sparrow 4 1.6 6 <1
Gadwall 3 1.2 7 <1
Northern Shoveler 3 1.2 6 <1
Gray Partridge 3 1.2 6 <1
Swainson’s Hawk 3 1.3 3 <1
American Widgeon 2 0.8 3 <1
Green-winged Teal 2 0.8 2 <1
Sharp-tailed Grouse 2 0.8 3 <1
Willet 2 0.8 2 <1
Long-billed Curlew 2 0.8 4 <1
Ring-billed Gull 2 0.8 3 <1
Northern Flicker 2 0.8 3 <1
Willow Flycatcher 2 0.8 2 <1
Loggerhead Shrike 2 0.8 4 <1
Tree Swallow 2 0.8 2 <1
Gray Catbird 2 0.8 2 <1
European Starling 2 0.8 5 <1
Orchard Oriole 2 0.8 3 <1
Ruddy Duck 1 0.4 2 <1
Eared Grebe 1 0.4 1 <1
American Kestrel 1 0.4 1 <1
Rock Pigeon 1 0.4 1 <1
Least Flycatcher 1 0.4 1 <l
Common Raven 1 0.4 1 <1
Common Yellowthroat 1 0.4 1 <1
Chipping Sparrow 1 0.4 1 <1
Lark Sparrow 1 0.4 4 <1
Nelson’s Sparrow 1 0.4 1 <1
Bullock’s Oriole 1 0.4 2 <1
Baltimore Oriole 1 0.4 1 <1

The suite of birds detected in 2012 on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation included most of those expected
to breed regularly in uncultivated upland grasslands and shrublands of the northern Great Plains (Kantrud
and Kologiski 1982). Counts on the reservation included all of the 20 species detected every year during
2001-2007 on point counts in north Valley County, nine of which were SOC, as well as 20 of 22 species
detected on counts in north Blaine and Phillips counties (Hendricks et al. 2008).

There were obvious differences, however, between the reservation and north Valley County points in
which species ranked as most abundant. The five most abundant species in north Valley County in
percent of points on which detected < 100m were, in sequence, Chestnut-collared Longspur, Horned
Lark, Western Meadowlark, Sprague’s Pipit, and Baird’s Sparrow (Hendricks et al. 2008). On the
reservation, the first three species fell in the top five in frequency of points, but Sprague’s Pipit and
Baird’s Sparrow ranked 17" and 9" on reservation points and were replaced by Brown-headed Cowbird
and Grasshopper Sparrow. Percent of reservation points on which detected were similar to north Valley

16

County for Horned Lark and Western Meadowlark, but Chestnut-collared Longspur occurred on 47.8% of
reservation points, 79.7-89.9% of north Valley points. This pattern is consistent for Sprague’s Pipit

(9.6% vs. 49.8-71.4%, respectively) and Baird’s Sparrow (22.9% vs. 30.4-46.4%, respectively). This
comparison is probably a reflection that most north Valley points fell in non-agricultural habitat, whereas
the reservation points were located in more of a mixture of agricultural and nonagricultural habitats in a
landscape where agriculture was more prevalent. One indicator of this difference in land cover of the two
study areas is the relative occurrence of Brown-headed Cowbird on reservation and north Valley points:
50.6% of reservation points, 4.3-10.1% of north Valley points.

Figure 5. Distribution of Sprague’s Pipit across the Fort Peck Indian Reservation, showing detections during 2012
from all sources, and reports from prior years.

| FORT PECK RESERVATION SPRAGUE'S PIPIT OBSERVATIONS

© Sheridan

cae
Richland |
"2° LEGEND (, eS
© — SPPI data prior to 2012
@ = SPPI observations in 2012 _
20 miles =[__} County
____ Lake
Stream

4

Sprague’s Pipit was not especially abundant on reservation point counts, detected within a 100 m radius
on 24 of 249 points (and represented by 25 individuals), although detections were widely spread (Figure
5, Appendices 7 and 8). However, the survey results in Table 5 under-represent the distribution and
relative abundance of this grassland obligate species across the reservation. A summary of all Sprague’s
Pipit records for 2012 from all sources (including ours) providing data to the Tracker Point Observation
Database (http://mtnhp.org/Tracker/NHTMap.aspx), maintained by MTNHP, shows many more
detections, particularly in the Valley County portion of the reservation where another survey project
occurred in 2012, as well as at the bison release site in Roosevelt County (Figure 5). The entire

17

reservation was not surveyed during either of these efforts, however, and there remain few records of
Sprague’s Pipit from the southeastern quarter of the reservation where there are relatively large expanses
of private inholdings and agricultural lands.

There was a tendency to focus our counts of birds on individuals that fell within 100 m of count points,
generally noting those beyond 100 m in cases where they would not otherwise have been reported on
particular points. Thus, for Sprague’s Pipit, McCown’s Longspur, and Bobolink (all are SOC birds), we
had more points with detections > 100 m than < 100 m. Sprague’s Pipit was reported on 24 points < 100
m and 44 points beyond that distance (P = 0.013), McCown’s Longspur on 36 points and 60 points,
respectively (P = 0.009), Bobolink on 12 points and 39 points, respectively (P = 0.0001) (Two-sample
proportions tests). By way of contrast, Chestnut-collared Longspur and Baird’s Sparrow (both SOC
birds) had more points with detections < 100 m than > 100 m: 119 and 44, respectively for the longspur
(P < 0.0001), 57 and 24, respectively, for the sparrow (P = 0.001). In all of the above cases, the larger
number of points associated with detection of a particular species is the minimum number of points where
a particular species was present during our counts. The raw numbers for all points are not presented in
this report, but they are available from MTNHP.

Nesting by two SOC birds, Sprague’s Pipit and Chestnut-collared Longspur, was documented during our
surveys in 2012 (Appendix 9). A pipit nest with nestlings was found on 27 May in southern Daniels
County, and four longspur nests with eggs or nestlings were found between 25 and 31 May in Daniels and
Roosevelt counties.

We conducted opportunistic counts for waterbirds and wetland associated bird species at 15 wetland sites
across the reservation during late May (Appendix 10). Fifty-two species were detected at wetland sites,
most, but not all, being wetland-associated species and including five SOC birds: Horned Grebe - 1 site;
Black-crowned Night-Heron - 2 sites; Franklin’s Gull - 2 sites; Loggerhead Shrike - 2 sites; Nelson’s
Sparrow - 1 site. Several species detected during these non-standardized surveys, such as the migratory
shorebird species Sanderling, Semipalmated Sandpiper, White-rumped Sandpiper, Pectoral Sandpiper,
Stilt Sandpiper, and Red-necked Phalarope, were not observed at any other time.

Call play-back surveys for Black-billed Cuckoo and Yellow-billed Cuckoo (both S3B MT SOC) were
conducted at 12 sites with broadleaf trees and shrubs present (mostly riparian areas) during late July. No
cuckoos were detected.

Terrestrial Small Mammal Surveys

Fifty-seven captures of terrestrial small mammals were made during 940 trap-nights of effort between 29
July and 11 September at 46 sites (Figure 6, Appendix 11). No terrestrial small mammals were captured
at 30.4% of the sites (Table 6). One site (Site # 22) was trapped two nights but resulted in no captures
either night (Appendix 11). Most abundant and widespread was the Deer Mouse, accounting for 87.7%
(50 individuals) of total captures from 65.2% of sites trapped. Hayden’s Shrew, Pygmy Shrew, Meadow
Vole, White-footed Mouse (Photo 3), Western Harvest Mouse (Photo 4), and Western Jumping Mouse
completed the list of species captured, all single captures at single sites with the exception of two White-
footed Mice at two sites. Trapping success (standardized as number of captures/1000 trap-nights) was
60.6 for the 2012 effort.

The capture of a single Pygmy Shrew is noteworthy, as it is the first record from Valley County and the
first in the region from cottonwood bottomland habitat. There are only two prior records for this species
in northeastern Montana, both captures of single individuals from glacial pothole wetland sites in open
grassland terrain of Sheridan County: 23 July 1977 ca. 5 miles N Comertown, and 22 August 2005 ca. 5.5
miles S Westby. The only other record from eastern Montana is a skull recovered from a raptor pellet at

18

Table 6. Summary of terrestrial small mammal species captured on Fort Peck Indian Reservation during 940 trap-
nights of effort at 46 sites (one site trapped two consecutive nights), 29 July — 11 September 2012. Trap success is

adjusted to total captures/1000 trap-nights. Survey details are given in Appendix 11.

Species Total Total Trap
Sites Individuals | Success
Hayden’s Shrew (Sorex haydeni) 1 1 1.06
Pygmy Shrew (Sorex hoyi) 1 1 1.06
Meadow Vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus) 1 1 1.06
White-footed Mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) 2 2 2.13
Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus) 30 50 53.19
Western Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys megalotis) 1 1 1.06
Western Jumping Mouse (Zapus princeps) 1 1 1.06
No Captures 14 — —
Combined Success 32 57 60.64
Numbers

Figure 6. Locations of terrestrial small mammal trap lines on Fort Peck Indian Reservation during 2012.

correspond to sites listed in Appendix 11.

19

Wild Horse Lake, Hill County (Hendricks 2001). Few records exist from adjacent western North Dakota
(Jones et al. 1983), so the eastern Montana records fill a large hiatus in the known distribution across the
northwestern extension of the northern Great Plains (Long 1974). Pygmy Shrews are apparently rare
throughout Montana (Foresman 2012), possibly common only in isolated pockets west of the Continental
Divide. Despite over 300,000 trap-nights of effort (e.g., Allen et al. 1997, Foresman 1999, Carson et al.
2006, Borak et al. 2012), fewer than 180 individuals from about 32 sites have been captured, and the
species probably merits addition to the state SOC list.

Photo 3. Left) Small mammal trap line site #46, a riparian site dominated by plains cottonwood north of the
Missouri River, Valley County: Pygmy Shrew, Deer Mouse and White-footed Mouse were captured at this location.
Right) White-footed Mouse captured nearby at site #44.

Photo 4. Left) Small mammal trap line site #32, a shallow drainage dominated by snowberry and rose on a bench
above Smoke Creek, Roosevelt County: Deer Mouse and Western Harvest Mouse were captured at this location.
Right) Western Harvest Mouse captured at site #32.

20

The terrestrial small mammal trapping effort of 2012 missed several native species known or likely to
occur within the boundaries of the Fort Peck Indian Reservation. These include the SOC Arctic Shrew
(Sorex arcticus), recently discovered at the Manning Lake Wetlands Tribal Wildlife Refuge (Jeanne
Spaur, personal communication), Masked Shrew (S. cinereus), SOC Merriam’s Shrew (S. merriami),
Montane Shrew (S. monticolus), SOC Preble’s Shrew (S. preblei), Northern Pocket Gopher (Thomomys
talpoides), Olive-backed Pocket Mouse (Perognathus fasciatus), Ord’s Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys ordii),
Sagebrush Vole (Lemmiscus curtatus), Prairie Vole (Microtus ochrogaster), Bushy-tailed Woodrat
(Neotoma cinerea), and Northern Grasshopper Mouse (Onychomys leucogaster). More targeted trapping
will likely result in capture of several of these species.

Bat Detector Acoustic Surveys

Thirty-two sites across the reservation (Figure 7) were monitored overnight between 29 July and 11
September for bats with acoustic detectors. Detectors malfunctioned at two sites, but recorded all night,
or until storage capacity for files was reached, at 94% (30) of the sites. Eight species of bats were
detected during single-night acoustic surveys across the reservation, and included three SOC bats (Table
7). At least one species of bat was detected at 96.7% (29) of the 30 sites where bat detectors functioned
during the night.

Figure 7. Locations of bat detector surveys in 2012 on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation. Numbers correspond to
sites listed in Appendix 12.

~¥
~ LEGEND

@ Surveys
[__} County
ae Lake

2 Stream

21

Table 7. Summary of bats detected during Pettersson D240X single-night acoustic surveys on the Fort Peck Indian
Reservation at 30 sites, 29 July — 11 September 2012. Calls with greatest confidence (definitive > probable) are
assessed for each site. Bolded species are Montana Animal Species of Concern. Survey details are given in
Appendix 12.

Species Definitive | Probable | Total %
Sites Sites Sites | Sites

Townsend’s Big-eared Bat (Corynorhinus townsendii) 0 2 2 6.7
Big Brown Bat (Eptesicus fuscus) 2 4 6 20.0
Eastern Red Bat (Lasiurus borealis) 6 5 11 36.7
Hoary Bat (Lasiurus cinereus) 13 3 16 53.3
Silver-haired Bat (Lasionycteris noctivagans) 25 1 26 86.7
Western Small-footed Myotis (Myotis ciliolabrum) 0 14 14 46.7
Western Long-eared Myotis (Myotis evotis) 0 2 2 6.7
Little Brown Myotis (Myotis lucifugus) 12 2 14 46.7

No Bat Detections --- --- 1 3.3

Most widespread was Silver-haired Bat, at 86.7% of the 30 sites where equipment worked (Table 7),
followed by Hoary Bat (S3 MT SOC: 53.7% of 30 sites). Both species were identified at the majority of
sites where they were detected with calls classified as definitive (D). Western Small-footed Myotis and
Little Brown Myotis were detected at 46.7% of sites each, but occurrence of the Western Small-footed
Myotis was based only on calls that were classified as probable (P) at 100% of 14 sites, whereas Little
Brown Myotis occurrence was based on calls classified as definitive at 12 (85.7%) of 14 sites (Table 7), a
more reliable result. Other species detected included Townsend’s Big-eared Bat (S2 MT SOC), Big
Brown Bat, Eastern Red Bat (S283, MT SOC) and Western Long-eared Myotis.

Average bat species richness (mean + SD) across all 30 sites where equipment worked was 3.0 + 1.8
(Appendix 12), and ranged from no detections to 7 species at site #19 near the Poplar River (Photo 5).
However, species richness at sites based only on definitive (D) calls was 2.0 + 1.3, and ranged from no
detections to 5 species at site # 18, also on the Poplar River (Photo 6).

Photo 5. Left) Site #19: Poplar River - Townsend’s Big-eared Bat (P), Big Brown Bat (D), Hoary Bat (D), Silver-
haired Bat (D), Western Small-footed Myotis (P), Western Long-eared Myotis (P), Little Brown Myotis (D). Right)
Site # 23: 12 mi NNW Wolf Point - Silver-haired Bat (D), Western Small-footed Myotis (P).

22

Photo 6. Left) Site 18: Poplar River - Big Brown Bat (D), Eastern Red Bat (D), Hoary Bat (D), Silver-haired Bat
(D), Western Small-footed Myotis (P), Little Brown Myotis (D). Right) Site #6: Badger Hole Coulee - Eastern Red
Bat (D), Hoary Bat (P), Silver-haired Bat (D), Little Brown Bat (D).

Two long-term bat acoustic monitoring stations were established in 2012, one on the Poplar River 4.5 mi
N of Poplar (48.17551N, 105.17855W) in Roosevelt County, the other along the Missouri River 5 mi SE
of Frazer (48.01620N, 105.94954W) in Valley County (Table 8). Data collection is on-going.

Table 8. Summary of monthly bat activity in 2012 at two long-term SM2 acoustic monitoring stations on Fort Peck
Indian Reservation. All species listed are based on calls classified definitive. Species in bold are SOC.

Month Missouri River Station’ Poplar River Station’
June EPFU, LABO, LACI, LANO, MYCTI, LACI, LANO, MYCI, MYLU
MYEV, MYLU
July COTO, EPFU, LABO, LACI, LANO, | LANO, MYCI, MYLU
MYLU
August COTO, EPFU, LABO, LACI, LANO, LACI, MYLU
MYCI, MYEV, MYLU
September EPFU, LABO, LACI, LANO, MYCTI, LANO, MYLU
MYEV, MYLU

: Species codes: COTO (Corynorhinus townsendii Townsend’s Big-eared Bat), EPFU (Eptesicus fuscus Big Brown
Bat), LABO (Lasiurus borealis Eastern Red Bat), LACI (Lasiurus cinereus Hoary Bat), LANO (Lasionyteris
noctivagans Silver-haired Bat), MYCI (Myotis ciliolabrum Western Small-footed Myotis), MYEV (Myotis evotis
Western Long-eared Bat), MYLU (Myotis lucifugus Little Brown Myotis).

Eight bat species were detected at the Missouri River station based on definitive calls, four at the Poplar
River station. An additional species recorded only at the Poplar River station was Long-legged Myotis,
based on probable calls in July. More species were detected at the Missouri River station than the Poplar
River station, probably because of greater riparian tree cover at the former station. Last bats detected in
autumn 2012 were on 28 September at the Poplar River site, 14 October at the Missouri River site,
suggesting most bats have left the reservation by then or have settled for winter in roosts at unknown
locations.

Most of the bat species likely to occur on the reservation were detected during the 2012 survey eight
species of which were based on definitive (D) calls (Tables 7 and 8, Appendix 12). Missing were Long-

23

legged Myotis based only on probable calls (P) in July at the Poplar River long-term monitoring station,
and Northern Myotis (Myotis septentrionalis), which was not recorded at all. Both have been reported in
the region previously, in summer and winter for the former species and only in winter for the latter
species (Culbertson Mine outside the reservation boundary) (Swenson and Shanks 1979, Dorak et al.
2012). Presence of Townsend’s Big-eared Bat, Long-legged Myotis, and Northern Myotis at the now-
reclaimed Culbertson Mine in Richland County are the only winter records of bats near the reservation
(Hendricks 2012), but Western Long-eared Myotis and Little Brown Myotis have been found roosting in
winter farther south in Richland County in the reclaimed Sidney Mine, so they, as well, might occur on
the reservation in winter, especially if appropriate roosts exist along the Missouri River.

Opportunistic and Pre-2012 Observations

An additional 37 observations of three species of amphibian, 15 observations of five species of reptile,
and 36 observations of 12 species of terrestrial small mammals were made during the course of other
survey work (Appendix 13). Few of these were SOC but they helped fill gaps in distributions across the
reservation. Opportunistic observations of birds are too numerous to list, but they have been incorporated
in the MTNHP Point Observations Database where they can be viewed.

A review of surveys and reports in the MTNHP Tracker database for Fort Peck Indian Reservation prior
to 2012 resulted in 46 species of fish listed for the reservation, including ten SOC (Appendix 14) and an
additional 32 records for four amphibian species (no SOC), 15 records for six reptile species, including
the MT SOC Western Hog-nosed Snake (S2) and Smooth Green Snake (S2), and 26 records for 11
terrestrial small mammal species, including the MT SOC Black-tailed Prairie Dog (S3). Records dated
from 1806 to 2011 (Appendix 15).

The most notable opportunistic observations from 2012 included three of Smooth Green Snake (Photo 7,
Appendix 13) and the first documented for Common Gartersnake north of the Missouri River in
northeastern Montana (Maxell et al. 2003, Werner et al. 2004).

Photo 7. Left) Smooth Green Snake, above Smoke Creek, Roosevelt County. Right) Common Gartersnake, Irish
Coulee, Roosevelt County.

24

SOME CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

A baseline inventory such as the one of 2012 generates many records of the native fauna and helps
establish a basic understanding of patterns for faunal distributions and relative abundances. It also helps
place the focal landscape in a regional context. To that end, results of the 2012 baseline inventory show
that the Fort Peck Indian Reservation still supports most of the native non-game vertebrate species that
are expected and also present in adjacent areas of Montana. However, preliminary results for fish and
birds, in particular, indicate that the reservation has become degraded relative to what it once was and
relative to some nearby areas in Valley County where livestock grazing is more prevalent than dryland
crop production. Thus, more of the native prairie remains intact and supports native non-game
vertebrates in greater overall abundances than on reservation lands. Where large blocks of native
landscapes are still present, especially in the western half of the reservation, native prairie obligate birds
like Sprague’s Pipit are more abundant and widespread.

Given the size of the reservation and limitations on the 2012 survey coverage, it is suggested that more
inventory work be undertaken. Large gaps in survey coverage remain for most vertebrate taxa.
Distribution and abundance data for bats and terrestrial small mammals across the reservation remain
sketchy, as is survey coverage for birds in the southeastern quarter of the reservation, with the exception
of the Manning Lake Tribal Wildlife Refuge. Fish survey data and lentic amphibian and reptile data
indicate that breeding by some species is likely compromised by the presence of non-native predatory fish
at some sites, but how this might vary among years is unknown. Native reptiles remain the least surveyed
and documented vertebrate group, and their distribution and relative abundance across the reservation the
least known, a result of time-consuming methods necessary to implement formal surveys and the
difficulty in making detections.

A cost-efficient method of gathering non-game observation data is to routinely document opportunistic
encounters while doing other activities, and to develop a tribal database for the capture and storage of the
data created. Opportunistic observations would help fill many remaining gaps in distributions and
provide tribal wildlife biologists with a running tally of wildlife encounters. Accumulated opportunistic
observations would also provide the basis for developing more targeted and formal surveys.
Opportunistic observations could also be solicited from the public, and materials developed to help
interested individuals identify what they find, be it the animal itself (road kills, sightings) or evidence of
its presence (e.g., recent beaver gnawing, pocket gopher and ground squirrel burrows, tracks, hair, raptor
pellets that could be submitted and dissected for small mammal skulls).

Little literature is currently available that documents impacts of oil development on non-game mammals
and birds (McCarthy and Childress 2007, Peterson 2008), and much of what is available is not well-
designed or replicated such that it can be applied at the landscape or seasonal range level with any high
degree of certainty, and especially when tied to annual climate variability. Thus, it would be extremely
valuable to gather such data from the reservation as the energy boom associated with oil exploration and
development continues to develop on tribal and adjacent lands.

25

LITERATURE CITED

Allen, K. L., D. Flath, and T. Weaver. 1997. Small mammal capture efficiencies among three
trap types. Intermountain Journal of Sciences 3:1-6.

BlueStem Consulting, Inc. 1994. Biological Integrity, Habitat and Water Quality of Streams and
Rivers on the Fort Peck Reservation, Montana. Report to the Fort Peck Tribes Office of
Environmental Protection.

Bramblett, R. G., T. R. Johnson, A. V. Zale and D. G. Heggem. 2005. Development and
Evaluation of a Fish Assemblage Index of Biotic Integrity for Northwestern Great Plains
streams. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 134:624—640.

Carson, S., A. Messer, R. Rauscher, and S. Story. 2006. Statewide small mammal and Montana
Fish, Wildlife and Park’s Lands vertebrate inventory project; 2006 final report. 22 pp.

Dorak, B., J. Stewart, R. L. Rauscher, D. Waltee, and A. Begely. 2012. Milk River conservation
and restoration state wildlife grant, native species monitoring final report 2008-2011.
Report to U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Denver, CO. Montana Fish, Wildlife and
Parks, Region 6. Glasgow, MT. 65 pp. plus appendices.

Foresman, K. R. 1999. Distribution of the Pygmy Shrew, Sorex hoyi, in Montana and Idaho.
Canadian Field-Naturalist 113:681-683.

Foresman, K. R. 2012. Mammals of Montana, second edition. Mountain Press. Missoula, MT.
429 pp.

Hendricks, P. 2001. A significant new record of the Pygmy Shrew, Sorex hoyi, on the Montana-
Alberta border. Canadian Field-Naturalist 115:513-514.

Hendricks, P. 2012. Winter records of bats in Montana. Northwestern Naturalist 93:154-162.

Hendricks, P., S. Lenard, C. Currier, B. A. Maxell, and J. Carlson. 2008. Surveys for grassland
birds of the Malta Field Office — BLM, including a seven-year study in north Valley
County. Report to the Bureau of Land Management. Montana Natural Heritage
Program, Helena, MT. 26 pp. + appendices.

Hossack, B., D. Pilliod, and S. Corn. 2003. Amphibian survey of Medicine Lake National
Wildlife Refuge Complex 2001-2002. Final Report to U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Medicine Lake National Wildlife Refuge. USGS Northern Rocky Mountain Science
Center, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Research Institute, Missoula, MT. 11 pp.

Hutto, R. L., S. M. Pletschet, and P. Hendricks. 1986. A fixed-radius point count method for
nonbreeding and breeding season use. Auk 103:593-602.

Jones, J. K., Jr., D. M. Armstrong, R. S. Hoffmann and C. Jones. 1983. Mammals of the
northern Great Plains. University of Nebraska Press. Lincoln, NE. 379 pp.

26

Kantrud, H. A., and R. L. Kologiski. 1982. Effects of soils and grazing on breeding birds of
uncultivated upland grasslands of the northern Great Plains. U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, Wildlife Research Report 15. 33 pp.

Lazorchak, J.M., D. J. Klemm and D.V. Peck (editors). 1998. Environmental Monitoring and
Assessment Program - Surface Waters: Field Operations and Methods for Measuring the
Ecological Condition of Wadeable Streams. EPA/620/R-94/004F. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.

Long, C. A. 1974. Microsorex hoyi and Microsorex thompsoni. Mammalian Species No. 33.

Maxell, B. A., J. K. Werner, P. Hendricks and D. L. Flath. 2003. Herpetology in Montana: a
history, status summary, checklists, dichotomous keys, accounts for native, potentially
native, and exotic species, and indexed bibliography. Northwest Fauna 5.

McCarthy, J., and D. Childress. 2007. Wildlife and energy literature review — passerines and
raptors. Developed for Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks and U.S.D.A.
Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management. State of Montana Contract No.
080085, Sawtooth Enterprises and DChildress Consulting. 43 pp.

Moyle, P.B., and R.A. Leidy. 1992. Loss of biodiversity in aquatic ecosystems: evidence from
fish faunas. Pages 127-169. in Conservation Biology: the theory and practice of nature
conservation, preservation and management. Chapman and Hall, New York.

Paulson, D.R. 2009. Dragonflies and Damselflies of the West (Princeton Field Guides).
Princeton University Press, New Jersey. 535 pp.

Pearson, K. J., and C. P. Goater. 2008. Distribution of long-toed salamanders and introduced

trout in high- and low-elevation wetlands in southwestern Alberta, Canada. Ecoscience
15:453-459.

Perry, N. D., D. T. Stewart, E. M. Madden, and T. J. Maier. 2004. New records for the Arctic
Shrew, Sorex arcticus and the newly recognized Maritime Shrew, Sorex maritimensis.
Canadian Field-Naturalist 118:400-404.

Peterson, J. 2008. Wildlife and energy literature review, non-game mammals and furbearers.
Developed for Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks and U.S.D.A.
Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management. State of Montana Contract No.
080100, Joel Peterson Consulting. 31 pp.

Stagliano, D.M., 2008. Pearl Dace in the Big Muddy Creek Watershed: Extirpation Saved by the
Barrier, 40th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society, Montana Chapter,
Billings, Montana.

Stagliano, D.M. 2005. Aquatic Ecosystem Diversity in Montana’s Missouri Drainages:
Community Classification Project. Final Report to the Bureau of Land Management:
http://mtnhp.org/reports.asp#ecology

27

Swenson, J. E., and G. F. Shanks, Jr. 1979. Noteworthy records of bats from northeastern
Montana. Journal of Mammalogy 60:650-652.

Szewczak, J. M., and T. J. Weller. 2006. Echolocation call characteristics of Montana bats.
Unpublished document. Humboldt State University Bat Lab, Arcata, CA. 4 pp.

Werner, J. K., B. A. Maxell, P. Hendricks and D. L. Flath. 2004. Amphibians and reptiles of
Montana. Mountain Press. Missoula, MT. 262 pp.

Woods, A. J., J. M. Omernik, J. A. Nesser, J. Shelden, J. A. Comstock, and S. H. Azevedo.
2002. Ecoregions of Montana, 2” edition (color poster with map, descriptive text,
summary tables, and photographs). Map scale 1:1,500,000. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency.

Young, M.R., P.J. Cosgrove, L.C. Hastie and B. Henniger. 2001. A standardised method for
assessing the status of freshwater mussels in shallow water. Journal of Molluscan Studies
67: 395-396.

28

APPENDIX 1. HERITAGE RANK DEFINITIONS

29

HERITAGE PROGRAM RANKS

The international network of Natural Heritage Programs employs a standardized ranking system to denote
global (range-wide) and state status. Species are assigned numeric ranks ranging from | to 5, reflecting
the relative degree to which they are “at-risk”. Rank definitions are given below. A number of factors are
considered in assigning ranks — the number, size and distribution of known “occurrences” or
populations, population trends (if known), habitat sensitivity, and threat. Factors in a species’ life history
that make it especially vulnerable are also considered (e.g., dependence on a specific pollinator).

GLOBAL RANK DEFINITIONS (NatureServe 2003)

G1 Critically imperiled because of extreme rarity and/or other factors making it highly
vulnerable to extinction

G2 Imperiled because of rarity and/or other factors making it vulnerable to extinction

G3 Vulnerable because of rarity or restricted range and/or other factors, even though it may
be abundant at some of its locations

G4 Apparently secure, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the
Periphery

G5 Demonstrably secure, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the
Periphery

T1-5 Infraspecific Taxon (trinomial) —The status of infraspecific taxa (subspecies or
varieties) are indicated by a “T-rank” following the species’ global rank

STATE RANK DEFINITIONS

S1 At high risk because of extremely limited and potentially declining numbers,
extent and/or habitat, making it highly vulnerable to extirpation in the state

S2 At risk because of very limited and potentially declining numbers, extent and/or
habitat, making it vulnerable to extirpation in the state

S3 Potentially at risk because of limited and potentially declining numbers, extent
and/or habitat, even though it may be abundant in some areas

S4 Uncommon but not rare (although it may be rare in parts of its range), and usually
widespread. Apparently not vulnerable in most of its range, but possibly cause for
long-term concern

S5 Common, widespread, and abundant (although it may be rare in parts of its
range). Not vulnerable in most of its range

COMBINATION RANKS

G#G# or S#S# Range Rank—A numeric range rank (e.g., G2G3) used to indicate uncertainty about
30

the exact status of a taxon

QUALIFIERS
NR Not ranked

Q Questionable taxonomy that may reduce conservation priority—Distinctiveness of
this entity as a taxon at the current level is questionable; resolution of this uncertainty may
result in change from a species to a subspecies or hybrid, or inclusion of this taxon in
another taxon, with the resulting taxon having a lower-priority (numerically higher)
conservation status rank

X Presumed Extinct—Species believed to be extinct throughout its range. Not located
despite intensive searches of historical sites and other appropriate habitat, and virtually no
likelihood that it will be rediscovered

H Possibly Extinct—Species known from only historical occurrences, but may nevertheless
still be extant; further searching needed

U Unrankable—Species currently unrankable due to lack of information or due to substantially
conflicting information about status or trends

HYB Hybrid—Entity not ranked because it represents an interspecific hybrid and not a species
? Inexact Numeric Rank—Denotes inexact numeric rank

C Captive or Cultivated Only—Species at present is extant only in captivity or cultivation,
or as a reintroduced population not yet established

A Accidental—Species is accidental or casual in Montana, in other words, infrequent and
outside usual range. Includes species (usually birds or butterflies) recorded once or only a
few times at a location. A few of these species may have bred on the one or two occasions
they were recorded

Z Zero Occurrences—Species is present but lacking practical conservation concern in
Montana because there are no definable occurrences, although the taxon is native and
appears regularly in Montana

P Potential—Potential that species occurs in Montana but no extant or historic occurrences
are accepted

R Reported—Species reported in Montana but without a basis for either accepting or
rejecting the report, or the report not yet reviewed locally. Some of these are very recent
discoveries for which the program has not yet received first-hand information; others are
old, obscure reports

* A rank has been assigned and is under review. Contact the Montana Natural Heritage
Program for assigned rank

31

B Breeding—Rank refers to the breeding population of the species in Montana

N Nonbreeding—Rank refers to the non-breeding population of the species in Montana

32

APPENDIX 2. CHECKLIST OF FISH SPECIES AT AQUATIC SURVEY SITES

33

Appendix 2. Checklist of fish species and numbers per site reported from the Fort Peck Indian Reservation area during the 2012 baseline surveys
(see Figures 1 and 2). Bolded species are Montana Species of Concern. *= Non-native fish species.

Irish Irish | Saurkraut

Wolf Wolf Wolf Wolf Otter Otter Otter Hay Smoke | Smoke | Smoke | Alkali Lake Coulee Coulee Coulee Poplar
Creek 1 | Creek 2 | Creek3 | Creek4 | Creek1 | Creek2 | Creek 3 Creek | Creek1 | Creek 2 | Creek 3 | Coulee | Creek #1 | below above |LM_FP708| River trib
Black Bullhead* 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Brassy Minnow 0 a2 25 30 14 1 0 0 0
Brook Stickleback 40 122 225 12 363 45 12 8
Common Carp* 0 0
Fathead Minnow 500 12
Lake Chub 180
Longnose Dace 0
lowa Darter
Flathead Chub
Goldeye
Emerald Shiner*
Northern Pike*
Northern Redbelly Dace
Sand Shiner
Spottail Shiner*
Stonecat
White Sucker
Total Individuals 774

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Little Little Little
Wolf Wolf Wolf Police Police EF EF

Give out | Tule Creek | Tule Creek Creek 1 | Creek 2 | Creek 4 | Creek 1 Creek 2 | WFPoplar Porcupine | Porcupine
Morgan |1 LM_FP730 |2 LM_FP731 LM_FP74 | LM_FP74 | LM_FP74 |LM_FP748 |LM_FP751 | LM_FP752 |LM_FP753 LM_FP756 | LM_FP757

Black Bullhead*
Brassy Minnow
Brook Stickleback
Common Carp*
Fathead Minnow
Lake Chub
Longnose Dace
lowa Darter
Flathead Chub
Goldeye

Emerald Shiner*
Northern Pike*
Northern Redbelly Dace
Sand Shiner
Spottail Shiner*
Stonecat

White Sucker
Total Individuals

oO
oo
fo)
oO

SCC OfClO Olfp

oO1o COO C0 CO OJ/O|0O ©
ClO CO OC CO OJO|O Oo
oO1o Ooo 0C CO OJ/O|0O oO
o1o Oo O00

a
ey
an
RO|joo
ooljcoo

=
fo)
=
o

—
foe]

C/O OJW OID CGC CO OJO|0 Oo

cololcoeo

So ololoo

So ololoo

So olfolo els

co ololo Clo colocae0o0
°

ao cloloo

300
292 303

DIO DIDIC OID CID CDONAOAOIOIO O&O
WIO DJOIO O]JW DID CGC C CO1O|0 O&O
NICO C/OJO OFM OID COCO O]}-]/0 O];—
DWID DIDIC OID DID VD AGVDACOIOIN ©

alO CO}/O/;/oO

Ph
=
iyo}
Oo
er
oO
=
wo
a
oO
A
foe)
aN
airy

Appendix 2. continued

East Fork Poplar

Porcupine Poplar Big River Poplar

Creek (trib) River Muddy (Oxbow) River trib

LM_FP761 LM_FP713 Creek LM_FP718 | LM_FP722
Black Bullhead* 0 0 0 0 0
Brassy Minnow 0 0 0 0 0
Brook Stickleback 0 0 0 0 0
Common Carp* 0 1 2 0 0
Fathead Minnow 24 0 169 0 2
Lake Chub 0 0 0 0 0
Longnose Dace 0 4 0 0 0
lowa Darter 0 0 0 0 0
Flathead Chub 0 12 0 0 0
Goldeye 0 0 4 0 0
Emerald Shiner* 0 12 8 0 0
Northern Pike* 0 0 4 0 2
Northern Redbelly Dace 0 0 0 0 0
Sand Shiner 0 28 0 0 0
Spottail Shiner* 0 74 2 0 0
Stonecat 0 1 0 0 0
White Sucker 0 96 24 5 30
Total Individuals 24 228 213 5 34

35

APPENDIX 3. AQUATIC SITES SURVEY SUMMARY

36

Appendix 3. Aquatic site information for the 2012 Fort Peck surveys (see Figures 1 and 2). Water Present (1) or Dry (0) during visit. Fish Presence (1) or Absence (0).
Macroinvertebrate presence (1), absence (0) or taxa count reported for site: bolded values are full macroinvertebrate assessment sites.

AE Wi Fish M i
2 site_code Stream Date Visit Latitude Longitude eter ie acrolvelt Photo Link
code Present | Present Pres/Taxa
http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
6/13/2012 48.490030 -104.602833 42
Pens: || MF hezs Walesa? ai 2 Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM FP671 dn.j
http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
6/14/2012 48.426266 -104.922788 41
e006: | EMLERG72 SMORSEISERAT ot A i Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_FP673_m.jpg
http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort_Peck Baseline
6/14/2012 48.402197 -105.095361 17
ROE |) Err ers Heck /14/ # : Surveys/Aquatic Site _photos/LM_FP675.jpg
http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
6/14/2012 48.597164 -105.082614 24
PONG: | E_Er ey? Singh Chek te ie ‘ Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_FP677.j
http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
6/14/2012 48.652765 -104.963085 1
eee | Eeeere Wall tiecee pa - : Surveys/Aquatic Site _photos/LM_FP678_ b.jpg
coos | LM_FP680 | Wolf Creek #3 6/14/2012 | 48.636475 | -104.928046 ‘i 1 51 nie: fembahip.oene Thhusnibsilve/Zoo/Praeeta/Fort Peck Boseling
a Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM FP680 up.
C006 LM_FP681 Wolf Creek trib 6/14/2012 48.621034 -104.880478 0 0 0 no photo
coo6 | LM_FP682 | Wolf Creek #4 6/14/2012 | 48.615696 | -104.842314 1 1 1 http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
Surveys/Aquatic Site _photos/LM_FP682.jpg
http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort_Peck Baseline
6/14/2012 48.599329 -104.695844 1
DOO6 | LM_FP684 | Crazy Horse Creek /14/ 1 0 ciucsefatued ak. Gan hice AA. FEREA
E006 LM_FP686 Dry trib to Otter 6/14/2012 48.599294 -104.645095 0 0 0 no photo
E006 | LM_FP687 | Dry trib to Otter 6/14/2012 48.599436 | -104.634329 0 0 0 no photo
Tributary to Otter http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
E006 LM_FP688& 6/14/2012 48.606533 -104.594761 1 0 1
- (Intermittent) pa Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_ FP688.j
bo06 | LM_FP690 Otter Creek 6/14/2012 | 48.604712 | -104.546070 1 1 40 ikte is /mtsilio. one/ ThummbsPlustZoo/Pratecte/Fort Peck Baseline
= Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_FP689.jpg
boos | LM_FP691 Otter Creek 6/15/2012 | 48.590985 | -104.467776 1 1 19 hits /mnivine. oe/ ThumiosPlus/2oo/Protects/rort Pack Baseline
- Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM FP692.
DO06 http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
6/15/2012 48.590021 -104.466644 6
Cc EME Frees Otter Sleek a A Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_ FP693.j
F http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort_Peck Baseline
E006 LM_FP694 Int ttent Pool 6/15/2012 48.589255 -104.468506 1 0 1
= Ones a Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_FP694.jpg
http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
i 6/15/2012 48.549181 -104.553672 14
E008: | AN_EPESS plellceulee at 7 : Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM FP695.j
Coal Mine Coulee http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
6/15/2012 48.541278 -104.605973 0
ENG | EMLPRee trib (rainfilled) al e 9 Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_FP696.jpg
E006 | LM_FP697 | Tribto Wolf Creek | 6/15/2012 | 48.505525 | -104.603934 0 0 0 hite://minnp.ore/ ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/rort Peck Baseline
Surveys/Aquatic Site _photos/LM_FP697.jpg
http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
i 6/15/2012 48.360621 -104.649449
GODE: / tM Er eee GM EOHIES al ‘i . te Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_ FP698.j
boos | LM_FP700 Irish Coulee 6/15/2012 | 48.360188 | -104.649530 1 1 12 np pair ne ares Thitiraba aes epi Prejertathars Peck Baseline

Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_FP699.jpg

37

http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort_Peck Baseline

i 6/15/2012 48.316901 -104.844827
ENE: | EMER ZOD: |) sapelie Creek (any) a o 2 Surveys/Aquatic Site _photos/LM_FP701.jpg
AE WwW Fish i
: site_code Stream Date Visit Latitude Longitude oer i Meco Photo Link
code Present | Present Pres/Taxa
Aoo1 | LM FP702 sidecuc Rive 6/15/2012 an auasens Menearade 1 yes, no 18 http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort_Peck Baseline
= ‘ ; sample Surveys/Aquatic Site _photos/LM_FP702.jpg
Aoo1 | LM FP703 Missouri River 6/15/2012 Agtaneas die aepanes 1 yes, no 20 http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort_Peck Baseline
- ‘ ; sample Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM FP703.j
a yes, no http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
6/15/2012 48.483119 -104.453793
poe: | EMER Mepinetane a : sample ; Surveys/Aquatic Site _photos/LM_FP705.jpg
Sauerkraut Coulee http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
E006 LM_FP706 6/16/2012 48.474334 -104.627583 1 0 9
7 (trib) oa Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_ FP706.j
D006 | LM_FP708 | Sauerkraut Coulee | 6/16/2012 | 48.465025 | -104.626695 dj 1 19 BT soba ia nT me eset Eee i eine
= Surveys/Aquatic Site_photos/LM_FP708.jpg
coos | LM_FP710 | Smoke Creek 6/16/2012 | 48358328 | -104.745773 1 1 4 ese ASR Ea ene ee ak Se ee
- Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM FP710.
coos | um_rp7i1 | bake Creek (dry | Giéy2012 | 48.302626 | -104.889848 0 0 0 no photo
= tributary)
E006 LM_FP712 tone teen (ary 6/16/2012 48.259204 -104.955703 0 0 0 no photo
= tributary)
: 46; 15 mayfly | http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort_Peck Baseline
6/16/2012 48.275594 -105.087362
BOOe | SvLreZ Poplar ner eal : taxa Surveys/Aquatic Site_photos/LM_FP713.jpg
coos | LM FP715 Poplar River (dry 6/16/2012 46998900 Homieases 0 0 é http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort_Peck Baseline
= tributary) ‘ ; Surveys/Aquatic Site _photos/LM_ FP715.j
Poplar River ; } :
coos | LM FP716 (intermittent 6/16/2012 pore sieeaieee 1 1 ia Gdanaks http://mtnh Or ThumbsPlus Zoo/Pro ects Fort Peck Baseline
= tributary) Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_FP716.jpg
http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort_Peck Baseline
6/16/2012 48.351698 -105.213441 0
saudi delll esr pone Creek pet 2 2 Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_FP717.jpg
Poplar River http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
E006 LM_FP718 6/16/2012 48.408421 -105.206714 1 1 11 Od t
= (Oxbow tributary) eet ic Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_ FP718.j
Poplar River http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
6/16/2012 48.461778 -105.249643 5
BOOS | tvFey a? (tributary) | : : Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_FP719.jpg
Give Out Morgan http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort_Peck Baseline
6/16/2012 48.490113 -105.296241
Pu | Eeletbd ee Creek al : sa Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_FP720.j
http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
i 6/16/2012 48.577601 -105.374268
BOOE |) /EMEF EE? POpIOr RIVER a ‘i 2 Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_ FP722.j
F http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
E006 LM_FP723 L Coul 6/16/2012 48.630410 -105.376682 1 0 1
= Hee cuee ie Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_FP723.jpg
WEE http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
6/16/2012 48.592196 -105.180416
mma | ‘MFP 724 Mispane (neh : - Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM FP724.j
WEE LM FP725 Pond near 6/16/2012 eon qed aeeere 1 0 1 http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort_Peck Baseline
MMA - Medicine Lake ; ; Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM FP725.j
BOO6 | LM_FP726 | Big Muddy Creek 6/17/2012 48.215724 -104.688946 1 1 1 http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline

38

Surveys/Aquatic Site _photos/LM_FP726.jpg

http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
6/17/2012 48.215752 -104.735641
epee | eMaieee Rone Nee cinek pi 5 Z : Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_ FP727.j
AES site_code Stream Date Visit Latitude Longitude Wakes BA Macrolnvert Photo Link
code = Present | Present Pres/Taxa
http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
6/17/2012 48.253782 -104.754665
Ore | eM 7ee Ene CiEes a 4 . 33 Surveys/Aquatic Site _photos/LM_FP728.jpg
http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort_Peck Baseline
6/17/2012 48.129684 -105.418537
ehatel Maeieesdiais Ta Creek a ? Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_FP730.jpg
http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
6/17/2012 48.182891 -105.496063
sical gal a Tule rerhre aes ‘ i Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_FP731,j
http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
6/17/2012 48.282167 -105.473488
ENCE || ENiatr yes Rie GE a Clee na 2 2 Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_FP733.jpg
E006 | LM_FP734 | Chelsea Creek 6/17/2012 | 48302330 | -105.482166 1 0 0 RISES OSB Dee TU Nas Oe Tenet tens Peet Banelee
Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_ FP734.
http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
i 6/17/2012 48.215521 -105.499610
en0e: | tM er das ML Sreck ten) au : : 2 Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_FP735.j
: http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
6/17/2012 48.215139 -105.499599
EMG: | (EMR lee eS) iad 4 o Surveys/Aquatic Site_photos/LM_FP736.jpg
coo6 | LVM_FP738 ) Tule Creek #3 6/17/2012 | 48.214405 | -105.508904 1 1 5 http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_ FP738.
Tule Creek (dry http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
6/17/2012 48.215538 -105.531839
EOS: | CM abbas trib) ad! o 8 9 Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_FP739.j
Little Wolf Creek http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort_Peck Baseline
6/18/2012 48.215448 -105.640800
EOOS | EMULE (dry trib) eel e 8 : Surveys/Aquatic Site _photos/LM_FP740.jpg
E006 | LM_FP741 a aa 6/18/2012 | 48.215459 | -105.657877 0 0 0 no photo
i
Little Wolf Creek http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
6/18/2012 48.209806 -105.677786 0
ENO | SMater ae (dry trib) et o o Surveys/Aquatic Site _photos/LM_FP742.jpg
Little Wolf Creek http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort_Peck_ Baseline
6/18/2012 48.176685 -105.647061 1
hall eal #3 pel : Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_FP743_up.jpg
Little Wolf Creek http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
6/18/2012 48.167024 -105.647046 10
BODE | EM nrets #2 ise 4 Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_ FP744.j
Little Wolf Creek http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
6/18/2012 48.105294 -105.603865 1
OOS: || ELE TAS #1 aa : Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_FP745.jpg
Little Wolf Creek http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort_Peck Baseline
6/18/2012 48.134271 -105.610726 10
PROB. | eee #4 ae i : Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_FP746.j
. 27; 11 http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
6/25/2012 48.591072 -105.511092 :
Enns | SaaS Pelien check cal s . Odonata Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_FP748 dn.jpg
ae LM_FP750 | Wetland (drained) 6/25/2012 48.689330 -105.606053 0 0 0 no photo
cooe | LM_FP751 | Police Creek #2 6/25/2012 | 48.679100 | -105.641201 1 1 1 Rae ea a ae Ee eee Ee See
Surveys/Aquatic Site _photos/LM_FP751.jpg
coos | LM_FP752 West Fork Poplar 6/26/2012 Pere cies eaneas 1 1 ‘ http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline

#1

Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM FP752_up.j

39

24; 8 Odonata

http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort_Peck Baseline

6/26/2012 48.650152 -105.911861 d8
DOO || ene yee HRINEOUIES Weel : : ies Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_ FP753.j
Mollusks
AES_ site_code Stream Date Visit Latitude Longitude Water Eish Mes overt Photo Link
code Present | Present Pres/Taxa
46; 8 . : :
poo6 | LM_FP754 Snow Coulee 6/26/2012 | 48.606862 | -106.260502 4 1 Odonata, io | Miteu/mbnlievore/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Prajects/Fort Peck Baseline
Mollusks Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_FP754.jpg
East Fork http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
6/26/2012 48.551065 -106.089770 5
BODE: | MS Eeoe Porcupine Creek nee 2 + Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_ FP756.j
East Fork Little http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
DOO06 LM_FP757 6/26/2012 48.550989 -106.090031 1 1 1
= Porcupine Creek pee Surveys/Aquatic Site _photos/LM_FP757.jpg
maybe,
ics unable http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
6/26/2012 48.490880 -106.000060 1
ODE EMCRrTa®| “OILRE Ceulne ea i to Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM FP758.j
sample
' http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
6/26/2012 48.407157 -106.118176 41
Seve (ERPS Spe erecr a! 4 e Surveys/Aquatic Site _photos/LM_ FP760.j
E. Fork Porcupine 21; 10 http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort_ Peck Baseline
DO06 LM_FP761 6/26/2012 48.407302 -106.293266 1 1 ,
= Creek (trib) fest Odonata Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_FP761.jpg
E. Fork Porcupine http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
E006 LM_FP762 6/26/2012 48.413219 -106.344313 1 0 1
al Creek (trib) ees Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM FP762.j
yes,
coos | LM EP763 East Fork 6/26/2012 Aa aeises ree 1 unable ; http://mtnhp.org/ThumbsPlus/Zoo/Projects/Fort Peck Baseline
= Porcupine Creek to Surveys/Aquatic Site photos/LM_ FP763.
sample

40

APPENDIX 4. MACROINVERTEBRATES FOUND DURING AQUATIC SITE SURVEYS

Al

Appendix 4. Checklist of macroinvertebrate species and numbers reported from the Fort Peck Indian Reservation
area during the 2012 baseline surveys (see Figure 1). Bolded species had the highest occupancy of sites. Shaded
species are Montana Species of Concern. * = Species rarely collected with few state records.

: Sites Total % Total
Ontense Detected | Individuals | Individuals

Crustaceans

(Amphipoda/Crayfish) Gammarus lacustris
Hyalella azteca
Orconectes virilis
Ostracoda

Acari (water mites) Hydrachna
Hydrophantes
Hydrovolzia
Lebertia
Piona
Protzia

Coleoptera (Beetles) Acilius
Agabus
Berosus
Colymbetes
Coptotomus longulus
Cybister fimbriolatus
Cymatia americana
Dineutus
Dubiraphia vittata
Dytiscus fasciventris
Enochrus
Graphoderus occidentalis*
Gyrinus affinis
Haliplus
Helophorus
Hydrobius
Hydrophilus
Hydroporus
Hygrotus
Ilybius
Laccobius
Laccophilus maculosus
Neoporus
Ochthebius
Oreodytes
Peltodytes
Rhantus
Rhantus binotatus*
Rhantus sericans

Todeeria teak

BOUWUPRINPRPPRPPNIN ©

PRPNUPEPNPEBWHPUWANWUNWREER SE

p
So

Appendix 4. continued.

Order/Class

Diptera (True Flies)

Species

Bezzia

Chaoborus
Chironomus
Chrysops
Cladopelma
Cladotanytarsus
Corynoneura
Cricotopus
Cricotopus bicinctus
Cricotopus trifasciata
Cryptochironomus
Culicoides
Dasyhelea
Dicranota
Dicrotendipes
Ephydra
Glyptotendipes
Limnophila
Limnoporus
Odontomyia
Parachironomus
Paracladopelma
Paramerina
Paratanytarsus
Pentaneura
Polypedilum
Probezzia
Procladius
Psectrocladius
Pseudochironomus
Radotanypus
Simulium
Stratiomys
Tabanus
Tanytarsus
Thiemanniella
Thienemanniella
Thienemannimyia gr.

43

Sites
Detected

1
1
1
3
1
5
1
4
2
1
1
3
1
5
1
1
3
3
1
1
1
2
4
3
7

-
So

NNPBWNANPB

Total
Individuals

% Total
Individuals

Appendix 4. continued.

Sites Total % Total
Detected | Individuals | Individuals

Order/Class Species

Ephemeroptera

(Mayflies) Acentrella insignificans
Acentrella turbida
Analetris eximia
Baetis flavistriga
Baetis intercalaris
Caenis amica
Caenis latipennis
Caenis youngi
Callibaetis
Callibaetis fluctuans
Centroptilum bifurcatum*
Centroptilum conturbatum*
Ephemerella excrucians
Ephoron album
Fallceon quilleri
Heptagenia elegantula*
Hexagenia limbata
Isonychia campestris
Leucrocuta maculipennis
Maccaffertium terminatum
Plauditus punctiventris
Pseudocloeon propinquum
Tricorythodes minutus

Hemiptera (True Bugs) Corisella
Corixidae
Graptocorixa
Hesperocorixa
Neoplea
Notonecta
Sigara

Clitellata

(Leeches/Worms) Erpobdella punctata
Glossosiphonia complanata
Helobdella stagnalis
Mooreobdella fervida
Placobdella ornata*
Theromyzon

Tubificidae

poses PBPRPRPUONINP RP RP RPNWNRPRPNRPPNWNNNRPRPNP PR

44

Appendix 4. continued.

‘ Sites Total % Total
nen lass Detected | Individuals | Individuals

Mollusca

(Snails/Clams/Mussels) Amnicola limosa
Aplexa elongate*
Fossaria humilis
Fossaria obrussa
Gyraulus circumstriatus
Gyraulus parvus
Helisoma anceps
Lymnaea stagnalis
Menetus opercularis*
Musculium
Musculium lacustre
Physella acuta
Physella gyrina
Pisidium casertanum
Planorbella trivolvis
Promenetus exacuous
Pseudosuccinea columella
Pyganodon grandis
Sphaerium
Stagnicola caperata
Stagnicola elodes
Stagnicola palustris
Valvata humeralis
Valvata sincera

N —_
oNPWRNWUORESE

WRNFP DD BO

Odonata

(Dragonflies/Damselflies) | Aeshna interrupta 2 2 0.0
Aeshna palmata 9 17 0.1
Amphiagrion abbreviatum 4 19 0.1
Anax junius 2 2 0.0
Arigomphus cornutus 1 2 0.0
Calopteryx aequabilis 2 4 0.0
Coenagrion angulatum 7 17 0.1
Enallagma 3 73 0.5
Enallagma anna 2 6 0.0
Enallagma annexum 28 389 2.8

45

Appendix 4. continued.

‘ Sites Total % Total
pian Detected | Individuals | Individuals

Odonata

(Dragonflies/Damselflies) | Enallagma antennatum*
Enallagma boreale
Enallagma civile
Enallagma clausum
Enallagma ebrium
Enallagma hageni
Gomphus externus
Hetaerina americana
Ischnura perparva
Ischnura verticalis
Lestes
Lestes disjunctus
Lestes dryas
Leucorrhinia intacta
Libellula forensis
Libellula pulchella
Plathemis lydia
Stylurus intricatus*
Sympetrum
Sympetrum corruptum
Sympetrum internum
Sympetrum madidum*
Sympetrum obtrusum

Plecoptera (Stoneflies) Isoperla longiseta 0.0
Taenionema pacificum 0.0

Trichoptera (Caddisflies) | Anabolia bimaculata*
Brachycentrus occidentalis
Cheumatopsyche
Helicopsyche borealis
Hydropsyche bidens*
Hydropsyche morosa
Hydropsyche orris*
Hydroptila
Limnephilus
Limnephilus externus
Mystacides alafimbriatus
Nectopsyche candida
Ochrotrichia
Oecetis avara
Polycentropus

NUOPRPNOD UN Here

N
Fu

NIN

N

NPRPRPPBUPNEFNWUPRN

46

APPENDIX 5. LENTIC AMPHIBIAN AND REPTILE SURVEY RESULTS

47

Appendix 5. Amphibian and reptile survey sites on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation during summer

2012 (see Figure 3). Bolded species are Montana Species of Concern.

Site | Date County Coordinates Species (number)'
1 | 7Jun | Roosevelt | 48.13189, 105.33831 | PSMA (1), THRA (1)
2 |7Jun | Roosevelt | 48.13351, 105.34467 | PSMA (1)
3. |9Jun | Roosevelt | 48.11377, 105.12474 | PSMA (<20L), LIPI (4), THRA (2)
4 14 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.12196, 105.20078 | No detections
5 14 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.17878. 105.17329 | ANWO (2)
6 15 Jun | Roosevelt | T28N R48E, Sec? No detections
7 16 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.10341, 105.56723 | No detections
8 16 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.24425, 105.54051 | PSMA (<20L)
9 16 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.24186, 105.53908 | PSMA (<10L), LIPI (1), CHPI (1)
10 | 16 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.22970, 105.27567 | No detections
11 | 17 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.13478, 105.29475 | PSMA (1)
12 | 17Jun | Roosevelt | 49.11040, 105.13823 | ANWO (<100L), LIPI (1)
13 | 17 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.11502, 104.97166 | ANWO (<100L), PSMA (<10,000L), THRA (1)
14 | 17Jun | Roosevelt | 48.22895, 105.10863 | AMMA (<110L), LIPI (10)
15 | 20 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.54492, 105.40462 | LIPI (<120L, 3)
16 | 20 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.54301, 105.40356 | LIPI (10)
17 | 20 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.54710, 105.40269 | THRA (2)
18 | 20 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.23783, 105.11067 | PSMA (<10L), LIPI (<10L)
19 | 21 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.21282, 104.68543 | PSMA (<10L, 1)
20 | 21 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.19699, 104.79596 | AMMA (<100L)
21 | 21 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.24879, 104.93224 | PSMA (<100L)
22 | 21 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.24920, 104.93425 | No detections
23 | 22 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.11301, 105.69183 | LIPI (1)
24 | 22 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.11233, 105.69530 | No detections
25 | 22 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.31675, 105.78716 | PSMA (<100L, 10)
26 | 22 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.31864, 105.71745 | PSMA (<100L, 20)
27 | 27 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.05578, 105.73642 | PSMA (<100L, 5)
28 | 27 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.05943, 105.74692 | PSMA (<100L, 1), LIPI (4)
29 | 27Jun | Roosevelt | 48.06693, 105.75802 | PSMA (<100L)
30 | 27 Jun | Valley 48.28138, 106.19501 | ANWO (<10L), PSMA (<100L), LIPI (2)
31 | 27 Jun | Valley 48.08197, 106.19508 | No detections
32 | 28 Jun | Valley 48.27707, 105.85448 | LIPI (<10L), CHPI (1)
33 | 28 Jun | Valley 48.27790, 105.85392 | ANWO (<10L), LIPI (<100L, 1)
34 | 28 Jun | Valley 48.27768, 105.85268 | AMMA (<110L), LIPI (<10L)
35. | 28 Jun | Valley 4832554, 106.01517 | PSMA (1)
36 | 29 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.48769, 105.54350 | PSMA (<I0L), LIPI (2)
37 | 29 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.49300, 105.55360 | ANWO (<100L), PSMA (<100L)
38 | 29 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.49385, 105.52663 | PSMA (<IOL, 1)
39 | 30 Jun | Roosevelt | 48.46157, 105.61822 | No detections
40 | 30Jun | Roosevelt | 48.45407, 105.68060 | No detections
41 | 30Jun | Roosevelt | 48.45053, 105.36712 | No detections
42 | 30Jun | Valley 48 .47026, 105.91332 | PSMA (<100L, 1)
43 | 30Jun | Valley 48.48368, 105.91319 | PSMA (1)
44 | 1 Jul Daniels 48.62796, 105.88609 | No detections
45 | 1 Jul Daniels 48 .62998, 105.88888 | AMMA (<110L)

48

46 | 1Jul | Valley 48.55198, 106.07133_ | PSMA (<10L)

47 | 1Jul | Valley 48.55103, 106.09002_ | PSMA (<100L), LIPI (1)
48 |3Jul_ | Valley 48.55303, 106.24626 | PSMA (<1,000L)

49 |3Jul | Valley 48.55428, 106.26710 | PSMA (<100L)

50 |3Jul_ | Valley 48.47163, 106.24071 | PSMA (<100L)

51 |3Jul_ | Valley 48.46243, 106.24619 | CHPI (1)

52 |3Jul_ | Valley 48.46160, 106.24558 | PSMA (<1,000L)

53 | 5Jul | Valley 48.15958, 106.10583 | No detections

54 | 5Jul_ | Valley 48.15739, 106.10745_ | AMMA (<10L), SPBO (<100L), PSMA (<200L, 4)
55 | 5Jul_ | Valley 48.15283, 106.11124 | LIPI (4)

56 |5Jul | Valley 48.14185, 106.33878 | No detections

57 |5Jul_ | Valley 48.14194, 106.34425 | LIPI (3)

1 Species codes: AMMA (Ambystoma mavortium, Barred Tiger Salamander), SPBO (Spea bombifrons,
Plains Spadefoot), ANWO (Anaxyrus woodhousii, Woodhouse’s Toad), PSMA (Pseudacris maculata,
Boreal Chorus Frog), LIPI (Lithobates pipiens, Northern Leopard Frog), CHPI (Chrysemys picta, Painted
Turtle), THRA (Thamnophis radix, Plains Gartersnake).

Number code: L = larvae, numbers without an “L” are juveniles or adults.

49

APPENDIX 6. CHECKLIST OF BIRDS OBSERVED ON THE

FORT PECK INDIAN RESERVATION

50

Appendix 6. Bird species detected within the boundary of the Fort Peck Indian Reservation during

summer 2012. List follows current American Orithologist’s Union taxonomic sequence. Bolded
species are Montana Species of Concern.

Canada Goose
Gadwall

American Wigeon
Mallard

Blue-winged Teal
Northern Shoveler
Northern Pintail
Green-winged Teal
Redhead

Lesser Scaup

Ruddy Duck

Gray Partridge
Ring-necked Pheasant
Sharp-tailed Grouse
Pied-billed Grebe
Horned Grebe

Eared Grebe
American White Pelican
Black-crowned Night-Heron
Turkey Vulture
Osprey

Northern Harrier
Swainson’s Hawk
Red-tailed Hawk
Ferruginous Hawk
Golden Eagle
American Kestrel
Prairie Falcon

Sora

American Coot
Killdeer

American Avocet
Spotted Sandpiper
Willet

Upland Sandpiper
Long-billed Curlew
Marbled Godwit
Sanderling
Semipalmated Sandpiper
White-rumped Sandpiper
Pectoral Sandpiper
Stilt Sandpiper

Wilson’s Snipe
Wilson’s Phalarope
Red-necked Phalarope
Franklin’s Gull
Ring-billed Gull
California Gull

Rock Pigeon

Eurasian Collared-Dove
Mourning Dove
Common Nighthawk
Red-headed Woodpecker
Hairy Woodpecker
Northern Flicker
Western Wood-Pewee
Willow Flycatcher
Least Flycatcher
Say’s Phoebe
Western Kingbird
Eastern Kingbird
Loggerhead Shrike
Warbling Vireo
Red-eyed Vireo

Blue Jay

Black-billed Magpie
American Crow
Common Raven
Horned Lark

Tree Swallow

Bank Swallow

Cliff Swallow

Barn Swallow
White-breasted Nuthatch
House Wren
American Robin

Gray Catbird

Brown Thrasher
European Starling
Sprague’s Pipit

Chestnut-collared Longspur

McCown’s Longspur
Common Yellowthroat
Yellow Warbler

Yellow-breasted Chat
Spotted Towhee
Chipping Sparrow
Clay-colored Sparrow
Brewer’s Sparrow
Vesper Sparrow

Lark Sparrow

Lark Bunting
Savannah Sparrow
Grasshopper Sparrow
Baird’s Sparrow
Nelson’s Sparrow
Song Sparrow

Lazuli Bunting
Bobolink

Red-winged Blackbird
Western Meadowlark
Yellow-headed Blackbird
Brewer’s Blackbird
Common Grackle
Brown-headed Cowbird
Orchard Oriole
Bullock’s Oriole
Baltimore Oriole
American Goldfinch
House Sparrow

51

APPENDIX 7. BIRD ROAD TRANSECT SURVEY RESULTS

52

Appendix 7. Results for bird point count road transects (see Figure 4) conducted on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation during summer 2012.

Transects consist of 10 point counts about 0.5 miles apart. Species lists are for entire transects, but only for individuals detected within 100 m of
points. Bolded species are Montana Species of Concern.

Transect | Date County Start End Species’
(start) Coordinates | Coordinates
1 1 Jun Valley 48.60681 48.59240 AMGO, AMRO, BAIS, BARS, BHCO, BRBL, BRTH, CHSP,CCLO, EAKI,
106.27210 106.34836 | EUST, HOLA, HOSP, LARB, MAGO, MALL, MCLO, MODO, RWBL,
SAPH, SAVS,VESP, WEKI, WEME, WIFL, WISN
2 1 Jun Valley 48.55188 48.55179 BAIS, BARS, BHCO, BRBL, CCLO, CCSP, CLSW, EAKI, GRSP, HOLA,
106.15694 106.05752 | KILL, LARB, MALL, NOHA, RWBL, SAVS, SORA, SPPI, VESP, WEME,
WIPH, WISN
3 1 Jun Daniels 48.57057 48.50501 AMGO, AMRO, BAIS, BARS, BHCO, BRBL, BRTH, CCLO, CCSP,
105.91194 105.91343 | CLSW, GRSP, HOLA, LOSH, MODO, NOHA, SAVS, SPPI, STGR,
SWHA, VESP, WEKI, WEME, WIPH
4 29 May | Daniels 48.59943 48.59220 AMWI, BARS, BHCO, BRBL, BRTH, CCLO, COGR, EAKI, GRSP,
105.59547 105.50837 | HOLA, KILL, LARB, MALL, MCLO, MODO, NOHA, RPHE, RWBL,
UPSA, WEME, WIPH, WISN
5 29 May | Daniels 48.57769 48.57772 AMRO, BAIS, BARS, BHCO, BRBL, BRTH, CCLO, EAKI, GRCA,
105.49706 105.39937_ | GRPA, GRSP, HOLA, HOSP, KILL, LARB, LASP, MCLO, MODO, SAPH,
SPPI, VESP, WEME, WISN, YWAR
6 29 May | Daniels 48.56313 48.54878 BAIS, BAOR, BARS, BHCO, BRBL, CCLO, CCSP, COGR, EAGR, GRPA,
105.2328 105.15643 | GRSP, HOLA, MCLO, MODO, NOPI, NSHO, RPHE, RUDU, RWBL,
SAVS, SPPI, VESP, WEME
7 30 May | Sheridan 48.57762 48.56321 AMGO, BAIS, BARS, BHCO, BRBL, CCSP, FRGU, GRSP, HOLA, RPHE,
104.80640 104.88615 | SAVS, SPPI, UPSA, VESP, WEME
8 30 May | Sheridan 48.57758 48.60638 AMWI, BAIS, BHCO, BRBL, CAGO, CCLO, CCSP, CLSW, GRSP,
104.57953 104.52603 | HOLA, KILL, MODO, NOHA, RBGU, RPHE, RWBL, SAVS, SPPI, VESP,
WEME, WIFL, YWAR
9 2 Jun Valley 48.32063 48.26278 AMKE, BHCO, BRTH, BUOR, CCLO, GRSP, HOLA, KILL, LARB,
106.37914 106.36805 | LBCU, LOSH, MAGO, MALL, MODO, OROR, RWBL, SAVS, SPPI,
VESP, WEKI, WEME, WILL, YWAR
10 1 Jun Valley 48.40722 48.40537 AMGO, BARS, BHCO, BRBL, BRTH, CCLO, EAKI, HOLA, LARB,
106.14796 106.05051 | MODO, RPHE, RWBL, VESP, WEME, WISN, YWAR
11 31 May | Roosevelt 48.32748 48.38406 BAIS, BARS, BHCO, BRBL, CCLO, COGR, GRSP, HOLA, LARB,
105.78286 105.80468 | LBCU, MAGO, MCLO, SAVS, SPPI, VESP, WEME

53

12 31 May | Roosevelt 48.30234 48.30237 BAIS, BARS, BHCO, BOBO, BRBL, BRSP, CCLO, CCSP, EAKI, GRSP,
105.67438 105.57127. | HOLA, LARB, MODO, RPHE, SAPH, SAVS, UPSA, VESP, WEME,
YWAR
13 29 May | Roosevelt 48.50004 48.46171 BAIS, BARS, BHCO, BRBL, BWTE, CAGO, CCLO, CCSP, COGR, EAKI,
105.29916 105.24701 | GRSP, HOLA, KILL, LARB, MAGO, MALL, MCLO, MODO, NOHA,
NSHO, RWBL, SAVS, SORA, WEME, WIPH
14 29 May | Roosevelt 48.27375 48.27989 AMGO, AMRO, BARS, BHCO, BOBO, BRBL, BRTH, CCLO, COGR,
105.11976 105.21341 | EAKI, HOLA, KILL, LARB, MODO, ROPI, RWBL, SAVS, SPPI, VESP,
WEME, YWAR
15 30 May | Roosevelt 48.43295 48.40397 AMGO, AMRO, BAIS, BHCO, BOBO, BRBL, BRTH, CAGO, CCLO,
104.99665 104.94236 | CCSP, CLSW, EAKI, FRGU, GRSP, HOLA, MALL, MCLO, MODO,
NOHA, RBGU, RPHE, RWBL, SAVS, SPPI, UPSA, VESP, WEME, WIPH
16 30 May | Roosevelt 48.41843 48.41841 AMRO, BARS, BHCO, BRBL, CCLO, COGR, COYE, EAKI, FRGU,
104.71452 104.61712 | GRSP, HOLA, HOSP, MALL, MCLO, MODO, OROR, RWBL, SAVS,
SORA, SWHA, WEKI, WEME
17 2 Jun Valley 48.18938 48.17512 BARS, BHCO, HOLA, HOSP, LARB, MCLO, MODO, RWBL, VESP,
106.24252 106.31798 | WEKI, WEME
18 2 Jun Valley 48.16125 48.17501 BARS, BHCO, BRBL, BWTE, CAGO, CCLO, COGR, EAKI, GADW,
106.19938 106.28673 | GRPA, GRSP, HOLA, LARB, MAGO, MALL, MCLO, MODO, RWBL,
VESP, WEME
19 2 Jun Valley 48.18419 48.24876 BAIS, BARS, BHCO, BRBL, BRSP, CAGO, CCLO, CCSP, EAKI, GRSP,
105.88714 105.89516 | HOLA, LARB, NOHA, RWBL, SAVS, SPPI, STGR, VESP, WEME
20 31 May | Roosevelt 48.21544 48.21549 BAIS, BARS, BHCO, BOBO, CCLO, CCSP, GRSP, HOLA, RWBL,
105.65388 105.55626 | SAVS, VESP
21 31 May | Roosevelt 48.25861 48.23255 AMRO, BAIS, BARS, BHCO, BOBO, BRTH, BWTE, CCLO, CCSP,
105.38707 105.33707 | GADW, GRSP, HOLA, MALL, MCLO, RPHE, RWBL, SAVS, VESP,
WEME
22 30 May | Roosevelt 48.15788 48.13901 AMGO, AMRO, BAIS, BARS, BHCO, BOBO, BRBL, CAGO, CCLO,
105.08640 105.18333 | CLSW, COGR, EAKI, EUST, FRGU, GRSP, HOLA, KILL, LARB, MODO,
NOFL, RWBL, SAVS, TRES, VESP, WEKI, WEME
23 30 May | Roosevelt 48.22287 48.23261 AMGO, AMRO, BARS, BHCO, BOBO, BRBL, BRTH, BWTE, CCLO,
104.93304 104.83640 | CCSP, CORA, FRGU, GADW, GRCA, GRSP, GWTL, HOLA, LARB,

LEFL, MAGO, MALL, MODO, NOFL, NOPI, NSHO, NSTS, RPHE,
RWBL, SAVS, SORA, WEKI, WEME, WILL, WIPH, WISN, YWAR

: Species codes: AMGO (American Goldfinch), AMKE (American Kestrel), AMRO (American Robin), AMWI (American Widgeon), BAIS
(Baird’s Sparrow), BAOR (Baltimore Oriole), BARS (Barn Swallow), BHCO (Brown-headed Cowbird), BOBO (Bobolink), BRBL (Brewer’s

54

Blackbird), BRTH (Brown Thrasher), BRSP (Brewer’s Sparrow), BUOR (Bullock’s Oriole), BWTE (Blue-winged Teal), CAGO (Canada Goose),
CCLO (Chestnut-collared Longspur), CCSP (Clay-colored Sparrow), CHSP (Chipping Sparrow), CLSW (Cliff Swallow), COGR (Common
Grackle), CORA (Common Raven), COYE (Common Yellowthroat), EAGR (Eared Grebe), EAKI (Eastern Kingbird), EUST (European Starling),
FRGU (Franklin’s Gull), GADW (Gadwall), GRCA (Gray Catbird), GRPA (Gray Partridge), GRSP (Grasshopper Sparrow), GWTL (Green-
winged Teal), HOLA (Horned Lark), KILL (Killdeer), HOSP (House Sparrow), LARB (Lark Bunting), LASP (Lark Sparrow), LBCU (Long-
billed Curlew), LEFL (Least Flycatcher), LOSH (Loggerhead Shrike), MAGO (Marbled Godwit), MALL (Mallard), MCLO (McCown’s
Longspur), MODO (Mourning Dove), NOFL (Northern Flicker), NOHA (Northern Harrier), NOPI (Northern Pintail), NSHO (Northern Shoveler),
NSTS (Nelson’s Sparrow), OROR (Orchard Oriole), RPHE (Ring-necked Pheasant), RBGU (Ring-billed Gull), ROPI (Rock Pigeon), RUDU
(Ruddy Duck), RWBL (Red-winged Blackbird), SAPH (Say’s Phoebe), SAVS (Savannah Sparrow), SORA (Sora), SPPI (Sprague’s Pipit), STGR
(Sharp-tailed Grouse), SWHA (Swainson’s Hawk), TRES (Tree Swallow), UPSA (Upland Sandpiper), VESP (Vesper Sparrow), WEKI (Western
Kingbird), WEME (Western Meadowlark), WIFL (Willow Flycatcher), WILL (Willet), WIPH (Wilson’s Phalarope), WISN (Wilson’s Snipe),
YWAR (Yellow Warbler).

55

APPENDIX 8. OFF-ROAD BIRD POINT COUNT RESULTS

56

Appendix 8. Results for off-road bird point count surveys (see Figure 4) conducted on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation during summer 2012.

Species lists are only for individuals detected within 100 m of the point. Bolded species are Montana Species of Concern.

Point | Date County Coordinates Species (number)!

1 25 May | Valley 48.54426, 106.30902 | BAIS (2), CCLO (4), GRSP (1), HOLA (3), SPPI (1), WEME (1)

2 25 May | Valley 48.55915, 107.17300 | BAIS (2), CCLO (5), HOLA (1), VESP (2)

3 25 May | Valley 48.54931, 105.91162 | BAIS (2), CCLO (5)

4 29 May | Daniels 48.59144, 105.59923 | BAIS (2), BHCO (1), CCLO (6), HOLA (2), MALL (1), SWHA (1), WEME (1)

5 26 May | Daniels 48.58075, 105.41807 | BAIS (1), CCLO (8), HOLA (2), MALL (1), MCLO (1)

6 29 May | Roosevelt | 48.54975, 105.23775 | BAIS (1), BHCO (1), CCLO (2), GRSP (2), HOLA (1), SPPI (1), WEME (1)

7 29 May | Daniels 48.57138, 104.97337 | BOBO (3), CCLO (1), HOLA (1), SAVS (3), WEME (1)

8 30 May | Sheridan | 48.60401, 104.62400 | BAIS (2), CCSP (1), GRSP (2), HOLA (2), SAVS (1), WEME (1)

9 25 May | Valley 48.40618, 106.29100 | BHCO (1), CCLO (4), HOLA (5), WEME (3)

10 | 25 May | Valley 48.47356, 106.23656 | BAIS (1), BRBL (2), CCLO (3), HOLA (2), VESP (1), WEME (2)

11 | 25 May | Roosevelt | 48.32858, 105.77080 | BAIS (1), CCLO (5), HOLA (1), LARB (1), WEME (1)

12 | 25 May | Roosevelt | 48.42273, 105.71983 | BAIS (3), BRBL (1), CCLO (4), EAKI (1), GRSP (1), SPPI (1)

15 | 30 May | Roosevelt | 48.42131, 104.92747 | BAIS (1), BHCO (1), CCLO (3), HOLA (2), NOHA (1), SPPI (2), VESP (1), WEME (1)

16 | 31 May | Sheridan | 48.47855, 104.63129 | CCLO (1), CCSP (1), EAKI (1), GRSP (1), HOLA (2), SPPI (1), WEME (1)

17__| 25 May | Valley 48.16702, 106.28114 | BARS (1), CAGO (1), CCLO (2), HOLA (6), MALL (1)

18 | 25 May | Valley 48.19602, 106.15453 | BAIS (2), BARS (1), BHCO (1), CCLO (5), HOLA (4), LARB (2), RWBL (1), VESP
(1), WEME (2)

19 | 25 May | Valley 48.16421, 105.94955 | BARS (4), BHCO (5), BRSP (1), CCLO (4), LARB (4), NOHA (1), RWBL (2), VESP
(1), WEME (1)

20 | 31 May | Roosevelt | 48.22295, 105.70705 | CCLO (5), HOLA (3), VESP (1), WEME (1)

21 | 31 May | Roosevelt | 48.13908, 105.49448 | CCLO (5), GRSP (1), HOLA (3), WEME (1)

' Species codes: BAIS (Baird’s Sparrow), BARS (Barn Swallow), BHCO (Brown-headed Cowbird), BOBO (Bobolink), BRBL (Brewer’s
Blackbird), BRSP (Brewer’s Sparrow), CAGO (Canada Goose), CCSP (Clay-colored Sparrow), CCLO (Chestnut-collared Longspur), EAKI
(Eastern Kingbird), GRSP (Grasshopper Sparrow), HOLA (Horned Lark), LARB (Lark Bunting), MALL (Mallard), MCLO (McCown’s
Longspur), NOHA (Northern Harrier), RWBL (Red-winged Blackbird), SAVS (Savannah Sparrow), SPPI (Sprague’s Pipit), SWHA (Swainson’s
Hawk), VESP (Vesper Sparrow), WEME (Western Meadowlark).

57

APPENDIX 9. BIRD NESTS LOCATED INCIDENTAL TO OTHER SURVEY WORK

58

Appendix 9. Bird nests found incidental to other surveys during 2012 on the Fort Peck Indian
Reservation. Bolded species are Montana Species of Concern.

Species Date Contents Coordinates County Observer
Mourning Dove 29 Jul | 2 eggs 48.14744, 106.35693 | Valley P. Hendricks
Mourning Dove 31 Jul | 2 nestlings | 48.13650, 104.93002 | Roosevelt | P. Hendricks
Mourning Dove 19 Aug | 2 eggs 48.27568, 105.09106 | Roosevelt | P. Hendricks
Sprague’s Pipit 27 May | 4 nestlings | 48.57928, 105.41833 | Daniels P. Hendricks
Chestnut-collared Longspur | 25 May | 6 eggs 48.32818, 105.77097 | Roosevelt | P. Hendricks
Chestnut-collared Longspur | 28 May | 3 nestlings | 48.57994, 105.42030 | Daniels P. Hendricks
Chestnut-collared Longspur | 30 May | 5 nestlings | 48.42046, 104.92714 | Roosevelt | P. Hendricks
Chestnut-collared Longspur | 31 May | 4 eggs 48.22286, 105.70791 | Roosevelt | P. Hendricks

59

APPENDIX 10. COUNTS OF BIRD SPECIES AT WETLAND SITES

60

Appendix 10. Opportunistic surveys for wetland birds on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation during summer 2012. Bolded species are Montana

Species of Concern.

Date County | Coordinates Description Species (number)'
25 May | Roosevelt 48.54728 Reservoir near W Fork Poplar R BHCO (-), CAGU (-), CLSW (-), GADW (-), MAGO (-), MALL (-)
105.42928
25 May | Roosevelt 48.58668 Small cattail/cottonwood/willow AMRO (1), EAKI (1), GADW (1), MALL (2), RWBL (6)
105.42351 | wetland
25 May | Roosevelt | 48.49070 | “Wetland 1” BWYTE (5), KILL (1), MAGO (1), RWBL (3), WILL (2), WISN (2),
105.28821 YHBL (3)
25 May | Roosevelt | 48.40844 | “Wetland 2” BWTW (2), GADW (2), MALL (2)
105.20686
25 May | Roosevelt | 48.54932 | “Wetland” BWYTE (3), MALL (2), RWBL (1)
105.24184
26 May | Roosevelt | 48.25579 “Wetland 3” BWYTE (5), KILL (6), MALL (2), MAGO (2), NOPI (1), RNPH (5),
105.21346 RWBL (1), SAND (4), SESA (7), WILL (1), WIPH (15)
26 May | Roosevelt | 48.56318 “Wetlands” GADW (2), LESC (2), MALL (3), LOSH (1), RWBL (4), WIPH
105.23347 (5)
26 May | Roosevelt | 48.24204 | MclIlwain Lake AMAV (5), AMWI (4), BCNH (1), BWTE (1), FRGU (3), GADW
104.93129 (30), GWTL (4), HOGR (8), LESC (2), MALL (5), NOPI (3),
NSHO (18), REDH (9), RUDU (8), WIPH (14)
27 May | Roosevelt | 48.23026 | “Wetland 4” BCNH (1), BWTE (2), GADW (2), GWTL (1), MALL (2), NSTS
104.88981 (1), NOPI (3), NSHO (2), REDH (1), RWBL (10), SORA (1),
WIPH (1)
27 May Valley 48.04502 | Frazer wetland AMAV (2), BARS (1), BASW (1), BRBL (3), BWTE (4), , EUST
106.01099 (1), GADW (2), KILL (2), MALL (3), OSPR (2), PESA (1), PRFA
(1), RBGU (1), SESA (9), SPSA (2), STSA (4), TRES (40), WEKI
(2), WRSA (1), WIPH (8)
28 May | Roosevelt | 48.13224 | Chelsea slough AMCO (1), AMWI (2), BARS (2), BWTE (2), CLSW (25), FRGU
105.33828 (4), GADW (2), KILL (1), MALL (2), NSHO (1), RWBL (10),
SPSA (3), TRES (30), WIPH (2), YHBL (2)
28 May Valley 48.09525 Oswego Creek pond AMCO (5), BWTE (4), CLSW (1), EAKI (2), LOSH (1), MALL
105.88735 (11), MODO (1), NOPI (2), NSHO (1), PBGR (1), RWBL (3),

TRES (2), WILL (2), WIPH (5)

61

28 May | Valley | 48.05947 | Frazer-Richland wetland AMCO (10), CAGO (13), CLSW (2), GADW (2), KILL (1), MALL
105.99460 (3), RUDU (2), YHBL (1)

28May | Valley | 48.29579 | wetland AMCO (5), CAGO (1), EAGR (2), GADW (4), LESC (3), NSHO
105.99980 (4), REDH (16)

28May | Valley | 48.33920 | wetland BWTE (1), COGR (7), GADW (2), GWTL (1), KILL (2), NOPI (1),
105.99987 SAPH (1), WIPH (12)

; Species codes: AMAV (American Avocet), AMCO (American Coot), AMRO (American Robin), AMWI (American Widgeon), BARS (Barn
Swallow), BASW (Bank Swallow), BCNH (Black-crowned Night-heron), BHCO (Brown-headed Cowbird), BRBL (Brewer’s Blackbird), BWTE
(Blue-winged Teal), CAGO (Canada Goose), CAGU (California Gull), CLSW (Cliff Swallow), COGR (Common Grackle), EAGR (Eared Grebe),
EAKI (Eastern Kingbird), EUST (European Starling), FRGU (Franklin’s Gull), GADW (Gadwall), GWTL (Green-winged Teal), HOGR (Horned
Grebe), KILL (Killdeer), LESC (Lesser Scaup), LOSH (Loggerhead Shrike), MAGO (Marbled Godwit), MALL (Mallard), MODO (Mourning
Dove), NOPI (Northern Pintail), NSHO (Northern Shoveler), NSTS (Nelson’s Sparrow), OSPR (Osprey), PBGR (Pied-billed Grebe), PESA
(Pectoral Sandpiper), PRFA (Prairie Falcon), RBGU (Ring-billed Gull), REDH (Redhead), RNPH (Red-necked Phalarope), RUDU (Ruddy Duck),
RWBL (Red-winged Blackbird), SAND (Sanderling), SAPH (Say’s Phoebe), SESA (Semipalmated Sandpiper), SORA (Sora), SPSA (Spotted
Sandpiper), STSA (Sharp-tailed Sandpiper), TRES (Tree Swallow), WEKI (Western Kingbird), WILL (Willet), WIPH (Wilson’s Phalarope),
WISN (Wilson’s Snipe), WRSA (White-rumped Sandpiper), YHBL (Yellow-headed Blackbird).

62

APPENDIX 11. TERRESTRIAL SMALL MAMMAL TRAPPING RESULTS

63

Appendix 11. Terrestrial small mammal trapping results for Fort Peck Indian Reservation during summer 2012 (see Figure 6). Trap lines consist

of 10 stations (20 traps: 10 Museum Special, 10 Sherman live traps) run for a single night, with the exception of line 22.

Line | Date County Start Coordinates End Coordinates Habitat Species (number)'
1 | 29Jul_ | Valley 48.26312, 106.26239 | 48.26347, 106.26071 | grassland PEMA (1)
2 | 29Jul_ | Valley 48.26100, 106.26309 | 48.25972, 106.26357 | grassland SOHA (1), PEMA (2)
3 | 29Jul | Valley 48.25979, 106.25518 | 48.25942, 106.25716 | grassland PEMA (1)
4 | 30Jul_ | Roosevelt | 48.39157, 105.28013 | 48.39107, 105.27872 | badlands PEMA (3)
5 | 30Jul | Roosevelt | 48.38264, 105.28733 | 48.38352, 105.28618 | snowberry/rose gully ZAPR (1)
6 | 30Jul | Roosevelt | 48.39553, 105.21140 | 48.39538, 105.20941 | sagebrush/grassland PEMA (2)
7 1 Aug | Roosevelt | 48.20788, 105.78061 | 48.20923, 105.78072 | grassland no captures
8 1 Aug | Roosevelt | 48.20770, 105.77561 | 48.20805, 105.77395 | snowberry/rose gully no captures
9 1 Aug | Roosevelt | 48.21456, 105.75774 | 48.21488, 105.75570 | sagebrush/grassland PEMA (1)
10 | 15 Aug | Valley 48.20510, 106.38307 | 48.20392, 106.38202 | cottonwood riparian no captures
11 | 15 Aug | Valley 48.20520, 106.38232 | 48.20634, 106.38103 | sagebrush/grassland no captures
12 | 16 Aug | Valley 48.40703, 106.11823 | 48.40705, 106.11636 | shrub/grass riparian no captures
13 16 Aug | Valley 48.40423, 106,10939 | 48.40459, 106.11045 | shrub riparian no captures
14 | 16 Aug | Valley 48.41952, 106.09835 | 48.41929. 106.10021 | grassy wetland PEMA (1)
15. | 16 Aug | Valley 48.41526, 106.08846 | 48.41666, 106.08881 | sagebrush/grassland PEMA (1)
16 | 16 Aug | Valley 48.40995, 106.08472 | 48.40882, 106.08374 | sagebrush/greasewood flat PEMA (1)
17_ | 17 Aug | Daniels 48.57845, 105.41492 | 48.57942, 105.41337 | grassland PEMA (1)
18 | 17 Aug | Roosevelt | 48.45900, 105.39661 | 48.54805, 105.39516 | grassland bottom no captures
19 | 17 Aug | Daniels 48.57835, 105.42072 | 48.57874, 105.41873 | grassland no captures
20 | 17 Aug | Daniels 48.57991, 105.42083 | 48.58137, 105.42079 | grassland edge no captures
21 | 18 Aug | Roosevelt | 48.22502, 105.22329 | 48.22392, 105.22247 | grassy wetland no captures
22 | 18 Aug | Roosevelt | 48.22523, 105.21867 | 48.22660, 105.21809 | grassland no captures
22 | 19 Aug | Roosevelt | 48.22523, 105.21867 | 48.22660, 105.21809 | grassland no captures
23 | 18 Aug | Roosevelt | 48.19608, 105.21576 | 48.19524, 105.21727 | grassland/shrubby gully PEMA (1)
24 | 18 Aug | Roosevelt | 48.18291, 105.21577 | 48.18165, 105.21651 | grassland/shrubby gully no captures
25 | 19 Aug | Roosevelt | 48.27674, 105.08956 | 48.27555, 105.09021 | cottonwood riparian PEMA (3)
26 | 19 Aug | Roosevelt | 48.27668, 105.09036 | 48.27549, 105.09109 | cottonwood riparian PEMA (2)
27 | 19 Aug | Roosevelt | 48.27687, 105.09110 | 48.27557, 105.09164 | grassland/sagebrush PEMA (1)
28 | 7 Sep Roosevelt | 48.21342, 105.63709 | 48.21242, 105.63829 | grassy riparian (dry) no captures
29 | 7 Sep Roosevelt | 48.22465, 105.67491 | 48.22489, 105.67667 | grassland PEMA (1)

64

30 | 7 Sep Roosevelt | 48.22938, 105.71024 | 48.22858, 105.70879 | grassland/shrubland PEMA (1)

31 | 7Sep Roosevelt | 48.22509, 105.70938 | 48.22388, 105.70937 | grassland/shrubby gully PEMA (1)

32 | 8 Sep Roosevelt | 48.41437, 104.91888 | 48.41450, 104.91705 | snowberry/rose gully PEMA (1), REME (1)
33 | 8 Sep Roosevelt | 48.41930, 104.92490 | 48.41940, 104.92345 | buffaloberry gully PEMA (4)

34 | 8 Sep Roosevelt | 48.41779, 104.92381 | 48.41851, 104.92220 | snowberry gully PEMA (1)

35 | 8 Sep Roosevelt | 48.42424, 104.92745 | 48.42432, 104.92553 | rock breaks/horizontal juniper | PEMA (3)

36 | 8 Sep Roosevelt | 48.42596, 104.92556 | 48.42597, 104.92347 | grassy riparian cobble PEMA (1)

37 | 8 Sep Roosevelt | 48.42479, 104.92822 | 48.42362, 104.92896 | buffaloberry riparian PEMA (3)

38 | 9 Sep Roosevelt | 48.34590, 104.60263 | 48.34457, 104.60261 | grassland PEMA (3)

39 | 9 Sep Roosevelt | 48.34611, 104.60007 | 48.34612, 104.59809 | grassland/shrubland ditch PEMA (1)

40 | 9Sep Roosevelt | 48.36069, 104.62062 | 48.36199, 104.62054 | marshy cattail canal (dry) PEMA (1)

41 | 9Sep Roosevelt | 48.36073, 104.64967 | 48.36114, 104.65157 | grassland riparian bottom PEMA (4)

42 |9Sep Roosevelt | 48.40420, 104.95879 | 48.40487, 104.95731 | snowberry/rose gully MIPE (1), PEMA (1)
43 | 11Sep | Valley 48.07508, 106.27652 | 48.07603, 106.27522 | cottonwood riparian PEMA (2)

44 |11Sep | Valley 48.07475, 106.27681 | 48.07388, 106.27683 | cottonwood riparian PELE (1)

45 | 11 Sep | Valley 48.05939, 106.23792 | 48.05925, 106.23608 | cottonwood riparian no captures

46 | 11Sep | Valley 48.05987, 106.23803 | 48.06091, 106.23850 | cottonwood riparian SOHO (1), PELE (1), PEMA (1)

" Species codes: SOHA (Sorex haydeni, Hayden’s Shrew), SOHO (Sorex hoyi, Pygmy Shrew), MIPE (Microtus pennsylvanicus, Meadow Vole),
PELE (Peromyscys leucopus, White-footed Mouse), PEMA (Peromyscys maniculatus, Deer Mouse), REME (Reithrodondomys megalotis,

Western Harvest Mouse), ZAPR (Zapus princips, Western Jumping Mouse).

65

APPENDIX 12. BAT DETECTOR ACOUSTIC SURVEY RESULTS

66

Appendix 12. Bat detector (Pettersson D240X) acoustic surveys on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation
during summer 2012 (see Figure 7). Bolded Species are Montana Species of Concern.

Bat Date | County | Latitude | Longitude Bat Species Detected’
Survey

1 29 Jul | Valley 48.13852 | 106.33647 | Equipment malfunction

29 Jul | Valley 48.14702 | 106.35769 | LANO (D), MYEV (P)

30 Jul | Roosevelt | 48.40797 | 105.20672 | Equipment malfunction

1 Aug | Roosevelt | 48.21686 | 105.75659 | LABO (P), LANO (D), MYCI (P)

2
3
4 30 Jul | Roosevelt | 48.40672 | 105.20432 | LABO (P), LACI (D), LANO (D)
5
6

1 Aug | Roosevelt | 48.22807 | 105.78075 | LABO (D), LACI (P), LANO (D),
MYLU (D)

fl 15 Aug | Valley 48.20589 | 106.38326 | LACI (P), LANO (D), MYLU (D)

8 15 Aug | Valley 48.20490 | 106.38369 | LACI (D), LANO (D), MYCI (P)

9 16 Aug | Valley 48.40693 | 106.11797 | LANO (D)

10 16 Aug | Valley 48.41440 | 106.08795 | LACT (D)

11 16 Aug | Valley 48.40452 | 106.07969 | LACI (D), LANO (D)

12 | 17 Aug | Roosevelt | 48.55056 | 105.36493 | LABO (P), MYCI (P), MYLU (D)

13 17 Aug | Roosevelt | 48.55015 | 105.37385 | LANO (D), MYLU (D)

14 | 17 Aug | Roosevelt | 48.54692 | 105.37337_ | LABO (D), LACI (D), LANO (D),
MYCI (P), MYLU (D)

15 | 18 Aug | Roosevelt | 48.22952 | 105.21970 | EPFU (P), LABO (D), LACI (D),
LANO (D), MYLU (D)

16. | 18 Aug | Roosevelt | 48.22669 | 105.22308 | LABO (D), LACI (D), LANO (D),
MYLU (D)

17 | 18 Aug | Roosevelt | 48.11608 | 105.19315 | EPFU (P), LACI (D), LANO (D),
MYCI (P)

18 | 19 Aug | Roosevelt | 48.27409 | 105.08802 | EPFU (D), LABO (D), LACI (D),
LANO (D), MYCI (P), MYLU (D)

19 | 19 Aug | Roosevelt | 48.27618 | 105.09030 | COTO (P), EPFU (D), LACI (D),
LANO (D), MYCI (P), MYEV (P),
MYLU (D)

20 | 19 Aug | Roosevelt | 48.27536 | 105.09019 | COTO (P), LACI (D), LANO (D),
MYLU (P)

21 7Sep | Roosevelt | 48.22530 | 105.67738 | MYCI(P)

22 |7Sep | Roosevelt | 48.22492 | 105.67667 | LANO (D), MYCI (P), MYLU (P)

23 7Sep | Roosevelt | 48.22992 | 105.71275 | LANO (D), MYCI (P)

24 8 Sep | Roosevelt | 48.47637 | 104.95145 | LANO (D), MYCI(P)

25 8 Sep Roosevelt | 48.43452 | 104.93124 | No bats

26 |8Sep | Roosevelt | 48.42571 | 104.92641 | LABO (P), LANO (D), MYCI (P),
MYLU (D)

27. |9Sep_ | Roosevelt | 48.34268 | 104.58437 | EPFU (P), LABO (P), LACI (D),
LANO (D), MYCI (P), MYLU (D)

28 9Sep | Roosevelt | 48.35996 | 104.74130 | LANO (D)

29. |9Sep_ | Roosevelt | 48.30305 | 104.80794 | EPFU (P), LABO (D), LACI (D),
LANO (D), MYCI (P), MYLU (D)

30 11 Sep | Valley 48.05961 | 106.23841 | LANO (D)

31 11 Sep | Valley 48.10113 | 106.26014 | LACI(P), LANO (D)

32 11 Sep | Valley 48.14172 | 106.34435 | LANO (P)

67

: Species codes: COTO (Corynorhinus townsendii, Townsend’s Big-eared Bat), EPFU
(Eptesicus fuscus, Big Brown Bat), LABO (Lasiurus borealis, Eastern Red Bat), LACI
(Lasiurus cinereus, Hoary Bat), LANO (Lasionycteris noctivagans, Silver-haired Bat), MYCI
(Myotis ciliolabrum, Western Small-footed Myotis), MYEV (Myotis evotis, Western Long-eared
Myotis), MYLU (Myotis lucifugus, Little Brown Myotis).

Call confidence codes: D = “definitive”, P = “probable.”

68

APPENDIX 13. OPPORTUNISTIC WILDLIFE OBSERVATIONS

DURING 2012

69

Appendix 13. Miscellaneous amphibian, reptile, and small mammal observations from Fort Peck Indian

Reservation during the 2012 wildlife inventory. Bolded Species are Montana Species of Concern.

AMPHIBIANS

Ambystoma mavortium (Barred Tiger Salamander)

14 Jun

14 Jun

15 Jun

16 Jun

2 Aug

Pseudacris maculata (Boreal Chorus Frog)
27 May
28 May
28 May
28 May
30 May
30 May
30 May
31 May

31 May

1 Jun

1 Jun

1 Jun

8 Jun

16 Jun

17 Jun

17 Jun

25 Jun

25 Jun

Sheridan Co
Sheridan Co
Sheridan Co
Roosevelt Co

Roosevelt Co

Valley Co
Valley Co
Valley Co
Valley Co
Sheridan Co
Sheridan Co
Sheridan Co
Roosevelt Co
Roosevelt Co
Valley Co
Valley Co
Valley Co
Roosevelt Co
Sheridan Co
Roosevelt Co
Roosevelt Co
Roosevelt Co

Roosevelt Co

48.59933, 104.69584
48.60653, 104.59476
48.54918, 104.55367
48.27527, 105.18185

48.20730, 105.77432

48.04502, 106.01099
48.09525, 105.88735
48.19763, 105.99469
48.33920, 105.99987
48.57758, 104.56960
48.58443, 104.55860
48.56320, 104.85260
48.23722, 105.38730
48.23255, 105.33710
48.55185, 106.12400
48.55214, 106.11350
48.55106, 106.08910
48.10799, 105.19806
48.57533, 104.62758
48.25378, 104.75467
48.21514, 105.49960
48.59107, 105.51109

48.67910, 105.64120
70

Crazy Horse Cr
Otter Cr trib
Alkali Coulee
Poplar R trib

10 mi NW Wolf Point

near Frazer
Oswego N Rd
Frazer-Richland Rd
Frazer-Richland Rd
Alkali Coulee

4.7 mi SW Reserve

10.7 mi E Pleasant Prairie

12.4 mi NW Poplar

Boxelder Cr

E Fk Little Porcupine Cr
E Fk Little Porcupine Cr

E Fk Little Porcupine Cr

Poplar

Sauerkraut Coulee trib
Lake Cr

Tule Cr trib

Police Cr

Police Cr #2

D.

D

n

S.

S.

n

S.

S.

D.

D

D.

Stagliano

. Stagliano
. Stagliano
. Stagliano

. Hendricks

Hendricks

. Hendricks

. Hendricks

. Hendricks

. Lenard

. Lenard

Lenard

Lenard

. Lenard

Lenard

Lenard

Lenard

. Maxell

Stagliano

. Stagliano
. Stagliano

. Stagliano

Stagliano

26 Jun

26 Jun

26 Jun

26 Jun

Lithobates pipiens (Northern Leopard Frog)

13 Jun
14 Jun
16 Jun
16 Jun
16 Jun
17 Jun
17 Jun
31 Jul

2 Aug

15 Aug

REPTILES

Valley Co
Roosevelt Co
Roosevelt Co

Roosevelt Co

Sheridan Co

Sheridan Co

Roosevelt Co
Roosevelt Co
Roosevelt Co
Roosevelt Co
Roosevelt Co
Roosevelt Co
Roosevelt Co

Valley Co

Chrysemys picta (Painted Turtle)

14 Jun
14 Jun
15 Jun
16 Jun
16 Jun
16 Jun
17 Jun
26 Jun

8 Sep

Roosevelt Co
Sheridan Co
Roosevelt Co
Roosevelt Co
Roosevelt Co
Roosevelt Co
Roosevelt Co
Valley Co

Roosevelt Co

Coluber constrictor (Eastern Racer)

48.60686, 106.26050
48.16460, 104.61665
48.12712, 104.97831

48.17460, 105.18603

48.48900, 104.60283
48.61570, 104.84231
48.35833, 104.74577
48.27559, 105.08736
48.40842, 105.20671
48.21514, 105.49960
48.21440, 105.50890
48.40672, 105.20432
48.22632, 105.77981

48.20510, 106.38232

48.40220, 105.09536
48.65277, 104.96309
48.36062, 104.6945

48.27527, 105.18185
48.40842, 105.20671
48.49011, 105.29624
48.18289, 105.49606
48.40730, 106.29327

48.42672, 104.92647

71

Snow Coulee

Hwy 2 at Muddy Rd

D. Stagliano

B. Maxell

Hwy 2 SW Two Mile Hill B. Maxell

4.8 mi N Poplar

Wolf Cr

Wolf Cr #4

Smoke Cr

Poplar R

Poplar R (Oxbow trib)
Tule Cr (trib)

Tule Cr #3

along Poplar R
Badger Hole Coulee

Porcupine Cr

Hay Cr

Wolf Cr #2

Irish Coulee

Poplar R (trib)

Poplar R (Oxbow trib)
Give Out Morgan Cr
Tule Cr #2

E Fork Porcupine Cr

Smoke Cr

B. Maxell

D. Stagliano
D. Stagliano
D. Stagliano
D. Stagliano
D. Stagliano
D. Stagliano
D. Stagliano
P. Hendricks
P. Hendricks

. Lenard

n

D. Stagliano
D. Stagliano
D. Stagliano
D. Stagliano
D. Stagliano
D. Stagliano
D. Stagliano
D. Stagliano

P. Hendricks

18 Aug Roosevelt Co

Opheodrys vernalis (Smooth Green Snake)

8 Jun Roosevelt Co
8 Sep Roosevelt Co
10 Sep Roosevelt Co

Thamnophis radix (Plains Gartersnake)
1 Jun Valley Co

Thamnophis sirtalis (Common Gartersnake)
15 Jun Roosevelt Co

SMALL MAMMALS

Lepus townsendii (White-tailed Jackrabbit)
17 Aug

Roosevelt Co.

Castor canadensis (Beaver)

7 Jun Roosevelt Co
7 Jun Roosevelt Co
7 Jun Roosevelt Co
8 Jun Roosevelt Co

Erithizon dorsatum (Porcupine)
17 Aug Roosevelt Co

Ondatra zibethicus (Muskrat)

13 Jun Sheridan Co
26 Jun Roosevelt Co
31 Jul Roosevelt Co
16 Aug Valley Co

Urocitellus richardsonii (Richardson’s Ground Squirrel)

7 Jun Roosevelt Co

17 Jun Roosevelt Co

48.54973, 105.39643

48.17551, 105.17855
48.14969, 104.92016

48.41510, 104.92006

48.37963, 105.99857

48.36062, 104.64945

48.10726, 105.59586

48.21672, 105.21443
48.27726, 105.08941
48.18158, 105.17593

48.17551, 105.17855

48.32827, 105.45877

48.48900, 104.60290
48.16460, 104.61665
48.40797, 105.20672

48.41440, 106.08795

48.12442, 105.47477

48.13478, 105.29475

72

W Fork Poplar R

along Poplar R
Brockton

bench above Smoke Cr

22.2 mi N Frazer

Irish Coulee

Hwy 2 E Wolf Point

Little Badger Cr
Poplar R
Poplar R

Poplar R

Hwy 13 mile-marker 11

Wolf Cr
Hwy 2 at Muddy Cr Rd
Poplar R

Little Porcupine Cr

Hwy 2 E of Hwy 13

3 mi E Chelsea

n

n

n

D

D.

. Lenard

. Maxell

. Lenard

. Hendricks

. Lenard

. Stagliano

. Hendricks

Maxell

Maxell

. Maxell

. Maxell

. Lenard

Stagliano

. Maxell

. Hendricks

. Hendricks

. Maxell

. Mart

17 Jun
21 Jun
26 Jun

1 Aug

Roosevelt Co

Roosevelt Co

Roosevelt Co

Roosevelt Co

48.22895, 105.10863
48.19699, 104.79596
48.16460, 104.61665

48.22622, 105.77765

Ictidomys tridecemlineatus (Thirteen-lined Ground Squirrel)

31 Jul
18 Aug
8 Sep
Canis latrans (Coyote)
1 Jun
26 Jun
Vulpes vulpes (Red Fox)

9 Sep

Roosevelt Co
Roosevelt Co

Roosevelt Co

Valley Co

Roosevelt Co

Roosevelt Co

Mephitis mephitis (Striped Skunk)

30 May
31 May
31 Jul
31 Jul

9 Sep

Roosevelt Co

Roosevelt Co

Roosevelt Co

Roosevelt Co

Roosevelt Co.

Mustela frenata (Long-tailed Weasel)

18 Aug
Taxidea taxus (Badger)

26 Jun

17 Aug
Procyon lotor (Raccoon)

30 May

31 Jul

Daniels Co

Roosevelt Co

Roosevelt Co.

Sheridan Co

Roosevelt Co

48.08570, 105.04296
48.08251, 105.04242

48.47219, 104.93134

48.55180, 106.06770

48.17573, 105.17907

48.35746, 104.77955

48.48349, 104.91180
48.21550. 105.57740
48.07504, 105.53954
48.12688, 104.97879

48.30304, 104.80795

48.56316, 105.10300

48.10781, 105.09262

48.55286, 105.42416

48.60561, 104.47467

48.09887, 105.59996

73

Poplar R
2 mi W Bertino Res
Hwy 2 at Muddy Cr Rd

Badger Hole Coulee

S of Sprole
S of Sprole

22.4 mi N Brockton

Little Porcupine Cr

4.5 mi N Poplar

13 mi W Froid

23.1 mi N Brockton

9 mi N Wolf Point
Hwy 13 SE Wolf Point
Hwy 2 W of Brockton

14 mi WSW Froid

2 mi S Pleasant Prairie

Hwy 2 W of Sprole

near Poplar R & Hwy 13

0.8 mi NW Reserve

Hwy 13 E Wolf Point

C. Mart

C. Mart

B. Maxell

P. Hendricks

P. Hendricks

P. Hendricks

P. Hendricks

. Lenard

n

B. Maxell

P. Hendricks

. Lenard

n

n

. Lenard

P. Hendricks

P. Hendricks

P. Hendricks

. Lenard

n

B. Maxell

P. Hendricks

S. Lenard

P. Hendricks

31 Jul
31 Jul
18 Aug

18 Aug

Roosevelt Co

Roosevelt Co

Roosevelt Co

Roosevelt Co

48.13476, 105.32925
48.10787, 105.07413
48.31338, 105.08326

48.10699, 105.06371

74

Hwy 26.5 miE Poplar _ P. Hendricks
Hwy 25.6 miE Poplar _ P. Hendricks
Hwy 251 14 mi N Hwy 2 P. Hendricks

6.0 mi E Poplar P. Hendricks

APPENDIX 14. SUMMARY OF FISH OBSERVATIONS FROM FORT PECK INDIAN
RESERVATION PRE-2012

75

Appendix 14. Checklist of fish species reported from the Fort Peck Indian Reservation area prior to the

2012 baseline surveys, based primarily on Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks MFISH
database and the Montana Natural Heritage Program TRACKER database. “Survey Year” spans the
range of years when a species was reported. Bolded species are Montana Species of Concern.

Species County Drainage Survey Year
Shovelnose Sturgeon Valley Milk/Missouri 1979-2011
Scaphirhynchus platyrynchus Roosevelt Missouri 1994-2010
Pallid Sturgeon Valley Milk/Missouri 2004-2011
Scaphirhynchus albus Roosevelt Missouri 2002-2010
Paddlefish Valley Milk/Missouri 1996-2010
Polyodon spathula Roosevelt Missouri 2004-2010
Shortnose Gar Valley Milk/Missouri 1999
Lepisosteus platostomus
Northern Pike Valley Milk/Missouri 1996-2011
Esox lucius Roosevelt Missouri 1996-2010
Daniels Poplar 1977-2000
Sheridan Big Muddy Creek 2000
Goldeye Valley Milk/Missouri 1994-2011
Hiodon alosoides Roosevelt Missouri 1994-2010
Poplar 2000
Shorthead Redhorse Valley Milk/Missouri 1994-2011
Moxostoma macrolepidotum Roosevelt Missouri 1994-2010
Poplar 2000
White Sucker Valley Milk/Missouri 1995-2011
Catostomus commersoni Little Porcupine Creek 2001
Roosevelt Missouri 1994-2010
Poplar 2000
Sheridan Big Muddy Creek 2000-2007
Longnose Sucker Valley Milk/Missouri 1994-2011
Catostomus catostomus Roosevelt Missouri 1994-2010
Blue Sucker Valley Milk/Missouri 1979-2011
Cycleptus elongatus Roosevelt Missouri 1995-2010
Bigmouth Buffalo Valley Milk/Missouri 1996-2011
Ictiobus cyprinellus Roosevelt Missouri 1999-2011
Big Muddy Creek 2010
Smallmouth Buffalo Valley Milk/Missouri 1979-2011
Ictiobus bubalus Roosevelt Missouri 1994-2010
River Carpsucker Valley Milk/Missouri 1996-2011
Carpoides carpio Roosevelt Missouri 1994-2010
Common Carp Valley Milk/Missouri 1996-2011
Cyprinus carpio Little Porcupine Creek 1979
Roosevelt Missouri 1999-2010
Daniels Poplar 2004
Sheridan Big Muddy Creek 2006-2010
Northern Redbelly Dace Valley Milk/Missouri 2006-2010
Phoxinus eos Little Porcupine Creek 2001-2003
Roosevelt Missouri 2006-2010

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Sheridan Big Muddy Creek 2007-2008

Pearl Dace Valley Milk/Missouri 1958
Margariscus margarita Roosevelt Wolf Creek 1951-1959

Poplar 1951

Smoke Creek 1951

Sheridan Big Muddy Creek 2000
Flathead Chub Valley Milk/Missouri 1994-2010
Platygobio gracilis Roosevelt Missouri 1994-2010
Sicklefin Chub Valley Milk/Missouri 1999-2010
Macrhybopsis meeki Roosevelt Missouri 1999-2010
Sturgeon Chub Valley Milk/Missouri 1999-2010
Macrhybopsis gelida Roosevelt Missouri 1996-2010
Longnose Dace Valley Milk/Missouri 1998-2010

Rhinichthys cataractae Little Porcupine Creek 2001
Roosevelt Missouri 2000-2010

Sheridan Big Muddy Creek 2000
Fathead Minnow Valley Milk/Missouri 1998-2010

Pimephales promelas Little Porcupine Creek 2001
Roosevelt Missouri 1999-2010
Sheridan Big Muddy Creek 2000-2007

Brassy Minnow Valley Milk/Missouri 2006
Hybognathus hankinsoni Little Porcupine Creek 2001-2003
Roosevelt Missouri 2003-2006

Cottonwood Creek 2001

Daniels Poplar 2000

Sheridan Big Muddy Creek 2000

Wolf Creek 2001
Western Silvery Minnow Valley Milk/Missouri 2006-2010
Hybognathus argyritis Roosevelt Missouri 2006-2010

Plains Minnow Valley Milk/Missouri 2007

Hybognathus placitus Roosevelt Missouri 2007
Emerald Shiner Valley Milk/Missouri 1996-2010
Notropis atherinoides Roosevelt Missouri 1996-2010
Big Muddy Creek 1998-2011
Spottail Shiner Valley Milk/Missouri 1996-2010
Notropis hudsonius Roosevelt Missouri 1996-2010
Sand Shiner Valley Milk/Missouri 2006-2010
Notropis stramineus Roosevelt Missouri 2006-2010
Rainbow Smelt Valley Milk/Missouri 1996-2007
Osmerus mordax Roosevelt Missouri 2002-2007
Cisco Valley Milk/Missouri 1996-2007
Coregonus artedi Roosevelt Missouri 1999-2008
Channel Catfish Valley Milk/Missouri 1996-2011
Ictalurus punctatus Roosevelt Missouri 1994-2011
Black Bullhead Valley Milk/Missouri 2000-2011

Ameiurus melas Little Porcupine Creek 2001
Roosevelt Missouri 2006-2008

Poplar 2002
Sheridan Big Muddy Creek 2000-2007

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Yellow Bullhead Roosevelt Missouri 2007
Ameiurus natalis
Stonecat Valley Milk/Missouri 1998-2011
Noturus flavus Roosevelt Missouri 1999-2010
Daniels Poplar 2000
Burbot Valley Milk/Missouri 1996-2011
Lota lota Roosevelt Missouri 1996-2010
Brook Stickleback Valley Milk/Missouri 2006-2010
Culaea inconstans Little Porcupine Creek 2001-2003
Roosevelt Missouri 2006-2010
Cottonwood Creek 2001
Big Muddy Creek 2003-2010
Sheridan Big Muddy Creek 2000
Wolf Creek 2001
Black Crappie Valley Milk/Missouri 1999-2000
Pomoxis nigromaculatus Porcupine Creek 2010
Roosevelt Missouri 1999-2010
White Crappie Valley Milk/Missouri 1996-2010
Pomoxis annularis Roosevelt Missouri 1999-2010
Pumpkinseed Valley Milk/Missouri 2006-2009
Lepomis gibbosus Roosevelt Missouri 2006-2009
Green Sunfish Valley Milk/Missouri 2009
Lepomis cyanellus Roosevelt Missouri 2006-2010
Smallmouth Bass Valley Milk/Missouri 2000-2011
Micropterus dolomieu Roosevelt Missouri 1994-2010
Freshwater Drum Valley Milk/Missouri 1998-2011
Aplodinotus grunniens Roosevelt Missouri 1999-2010
White Bass Roosevelt Missouri 2010
Morone chrysops
Yellow Perch Valley Milk/Missouri 1996-2009
Perca flavescens Roosevelt Missouri 1996-2010
Walleye Valley Milk/Missouri 1979-2011
Stizostedion vitreum Roosevelt Missouri 1995-2010
Daniels Poplar 1977
Sauger Valley Milk/Missouri 1979-2011
Stizostedion canadense Roosevelt Missouri 1994-2011
Iowa Darter Valley Little Porcupine Creek 2001
Etheostoma exile Roosevelt Wolf Creek 2000
Oswego Creek 2000
Sheridan Big Muddy Creek 2003
Wolf Creek 2001

APPENDIX 14. RECORDS OF NONGAME AMPHIBIANS, REPTILES AND SMALL
MAMMALS PRE-2012

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Appendix 15. Amphibian, reptile, and small mammal records from Fort Peck Indian Reservation prior to
2012, based on reports in the Montana Natural Heritage Program TRACKER database. Bolded species
are Montana Species of Concern.

AMPHIBIANS
Ambystoma mavortium (Barred Tiger Salamander)
9-19 Aug 1853 near Frazer G. Suckley
18 Jul 1922 6 mi N Brockton C. C. Sperry
Anaxyrus woodhousii (Woodhouse’s Toad)
13 Jul 1922 Poplar C. C. Sperry
15 Jul 1922 Poplar C. C. Sperry

Pseudacris maculata (Boreal Chorus Frog)

17 May 1998 Porcupine Cr 5 mi N Nashua J. K. Werner

28 May 2006 1.4 mi NNE mouth Hay Cr Amphibian Inventory
28 May 2006 1.9 mi NNE mouth Hay Cr Amphibian Inventory
28 May 2006 2 mi N mouth Swank Cr Coulee Amphibian Inventory
28 May 2006 1.2 mi NE mouth Give Out Morgan Cr Amphibian Inventory
28 May 2006 1.4 mi NE mouth Give Out Morgan Cr Amphibian Inventory
28 May 2006 2.9 mi ENE mouth W Fork Poplar R Amphibian Inventory
28 May 2006 1.4 mi WSW mouth Nielson Coulee Amphibian Inventory
28 May 2006 1.3 mi NNE Pole Hill Amphibian Inventory
20 May 2007 Poplar R 5.5 mi SW Geddart Lk Amphibian Inventory
20 May 2007 ditch 7.1 mi NNW MclIlwain Lk Amphibian Inventory
20 May 2007 ditch 6.2 mi NE Rocky Hill Amphibian Inventory
20 May 2007 Muddy Cr 2.2 mi NNW Johnson Lk Amphibian Inventory
21 May 2007 Tule Cr 4 mi NE Spread Eagle Amphibian Inventory
1 Jun 2007 E Fork Porcupine Cr S. Schumacher

Lithobates pipiens (Northern Leopard Frog)

28 Jun 1874 mouth Wolf Cr on Missouri R E. Coues
13 Jul 1922 slough near Poplar C. C. Sperry
27 May 1951 Smoke Cr S. L Rowe

80

19 Aug 1951 Wolf Cr

12 Sep 1959 Porcupine Cr

12 Sep 1959 Wolf Cr at Hwy 2

17 May 1998 Porcupine Cr 5 mi N Nashua

20 May 1998 Wolf Cr at Hwy 2

28 May 1998 Smoke Cr at Hwy 344

25 Jul 2000 Wolf Cr

26 Jul 2000 W Fork Poplar R

27 Jul 2000 Smoke Cr

2007-2008 W Fork Charley Cr
REPTILES
Chrysemys picta (Painted Turtle)

27 Jul 2000 Smoke Cr

26 Jun 2007 2 mi NE intersection Eide Rd and Hwy 24

Heterodon nasicus (Western Hog-nosed Snake)

25 Jun 1874

13 May 1999

15 Aug 2011

Pituophis catenifer (Gophersnake)

9-19 Aug 1853

17 Jun 1996

25 Jul 2000

25 Jul 1874
18 Jul 1922
17 May 1998
20 May 1998

25 Jul 2000

Big Muddy Cr

Opheodrys vernalis (Smooth Green Snake)

W bank Muddy Cr W of Homestead

Poplar

Poplar R
Hwy 13 10 mi N Hwy 2

Wolf Cr

Thamnophis radix (Plains Gartersnake)

Big Muddy Cr

6 mi N Brockton

Pocupine Cr 5 mi N Nashua
Wolf Cr at Hwy 2

Wolf Cr

81

S. I. Rowe

C. J. D. Brown

C. J. D. Brown

J. K. Werner

J. K. Werner

P. Hendricks

R. G. Bramblett

R. G. Bramblett

R. G. Bramblett

“PBSJ”

R. G. Bramblett

Amphibian Inventory

E. Coues

T. W. Gutzke

V. Smith

G. Suckley
J. K. Werner

R. G. Bramblett

E. Coues

C. C. Sperry
J. K. Werner
J. K. Werner

R. G. Bramblett

Crotalus viridis (Western Rattlesnake)

4 Aug 1806 mouth Milk R
Aug 1853 mouth Muddy Cr at Missouri R
SMALL MAMMALS

Thomomys talpoides (Northern Pocket Gopher)
5 Jun 2008 10.5 mi N Nashua 0.5 mi N Sargent Cr

Microtus pennsylvanicus (Meadow Vole)

3 Jul 1874 near mouth Milk R
16 Jul 1922 Poplar

19 Jul 2002 Snow Coulee

22 Jul 2002 Tule Cr

Peromyscus leucopus (White-footed Mouse)
19 Jul 2002 Snow Coulee

Peromyscus maniculatus (Deer Mouse)

27 Jun 1966 23 mi E Glasgow along Hwy 2

27 Jun 1966 Missouri R at Brockton

12 Sep 1967 Hwy 13 at W Fork Poplar R

13 Sep 1967 10 mi W Poplar

13 Sep 1967 5 mi W Culbertson at Big Muddy Cr
24 May 1981 Missouri R bridge 6 mi SE Wolf Point
19 Jul 2002 Snow Coulee

22 Jul 2002 Tule Cr

23 Jul 2002 Boxelder Cr

Cynomys ludovicianus (Black-tailed Prairie Dog)

19 Aug 1853 mouth Milk R at Missouri R
Marmota flaviventris (Yellow-bellied Marmot)

1 May 1957 8 mi N Nashua
Urocitellus richardsonii (Richardson’s Ground Squirrel)

19 Jun 1973 5 mi E Frazer

82

M. Lewis

G. Suckley

K. Ostovar

E. Coues
C. C. Sperry
R. G. Bramblett

R. G. Bramblett

R. G. Bramblett

J. H. Black

J. H. Black
“EMTR”
“EMTR”
“EMTR”

L. S. Thompson
R. G. Bramblett
R. G. Bramblett

R. G. Bramblett

G. Suckley

J. Cherny

W. Severinghaus

19 Jun 1973 3 mi E Wolf Point W. Severinghaus
21 Jun 1973 2 mi W Homestead W. Severinghaus
29 Jul 2009 W Fork Charley Cr “PBSJ”
Vulpes velox (Swift Fox)
23 Aug 2006 Missouri R riparian SW Brockton L. Bighorn
Lynx rufus (Bobcat)
Winter 2004-05 Township 28N51E fur harvest
Winter 2007-08 Township 33N46E fur harvest
Mustela nivalis (Least Weasel)
3 Apr 1964 Brockton H. Kopitzke
Taxidea taxus (Badger)

29 Jul 2009 W Fork Charley Cr (burrows) “PBSJ”

83